1. Intro to Psychological Disorders CHAPTER 16

2. Why are we so interested in psychological disorders? Chances are, we have all been affected by a psych disorder in some way. Chances are, we have all been affected by a psych disorder in some way. 1 in 2 will develop one. SHOW Autism spectrum disorders…Big Bang Theory 1 in 2 will develop one. SHOW Autism spectrum disorders…Big Bang Theory Psychological disorders are found throughout every culture…EXCEPT Native- American group of Pacific Northwest, One African Tribe. Psychological disorders are found throughout every culture…EXCEPT Native- American group of Pacific Northwest, One African Tribe. Most popular course in college. We find interest in the abnormal. Most popular course in college. We find interest in the abnormal. Re. p. 619 Re. p. 619

3. Early Treatment of those with psychological disorders Many viewed those with psychological disorders as being demon possessed Many viewed those with psychological disorders as being demon possessed Mistreated and oftentimes locked up Mistreated and oftentimes locked up Seen as incurable. Seen as incurable.

4. The Medical Model VIDEO- For the incurable VIDEO- For the incurable The Medical Model changed society’s paradigm (viewpoint) on mental illness as a curable disease (just like a physical disease). Thomas Eggleston running for VP in 1972 vs. running in 2016. The Medical Model changed society’s paradigm (viewpoint) on mental illness as a curable disease (just like a physical disease). Thomas Eggleston running for VP in 1972 vs. running in 2016.

5. ACTIVITY What is a Mental Illness ? ACTIVITY What is a Mental Illness ? Decide whether each of the following is a mental illness or not. Decide whether each of the following is a mental illness or not.

6. How can we determine if someone has a psychological disorder?

7. How can we define psychological disorder? Unjustifiable (Irrational) – does not make sense to the average person. Unjustifiable (Irrational) – does not make sense to the average person. Ex.- Hearing voices that don’t exist (hallucinations) Ex.- Hearing voices that don’t exist (hallucinations) Ex.- Depressed people thinking “I’m worthless, nobody likes me”. Ex.- Depressed people thinking “I’m worthless, nobody likes me”. Maladaptive (Dysfunctional) – harmful and/or disturbing to the individual Maladaptive (Dysfunctional) – harmful and/or disturbing to the individual –A key factor in determining if there is a psychological disorder Ex. Agoraphobia (Benchwarmers). Ex. Agoraphobia (Benchwarmers). Ex. Alcoholism Ex. Alcoholism

8. Atypical (Deviant) – not statistically shared by many members of the population or culturally defined. Atypical (Deviant) – not statistically shared by many members of the population or culturally defined. Ex. Male wearing an earring 40 yrs ago. (era) Ex. Male wearing an earring 40 yrs ago. (era) Ex. Male wearing a kilt. Ex. Male wearing a kilt. –Cannot be the only criterion … consider a genius and Olympic athlete. Disturbing (Distressful?) – Violation of social norms in a bizarre and disturbing manner. Disturbing (Distressful?) – Violation of social norms in a bizarre and disturbing manner. Ex. Zoophilia (sexual attraction to animals) Ex. Zoophilia (sexual attraction to animals) –Cannot be the only criterion … a person who does not bathe, one who invades personal space –YOUTUBE- What is a psychological Disorder –3 D’s Deviant, Distressful and Dysfunctional

9. DSM-V We need a method to classify psychological disorders – the DSM is the most used and accepted method We need a method to classify psychological disorders – the DSM is the most used and accepted method American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition DSM - V – Revised in 2014. DSM - V – Revised in 2014.

10. DSM NOTE: the word “insane” is a legal term, not a medical term – means not held legally responsible for actions. NOTE: the word “insane” is a legal term, not a medical term – means not held legally responsible for actions. DSM includes a set a diagnostic criteria as well as a description of the disorders and their prevalence DSM includes a set a diagnostic criteria as well as a description of the disorders and their prevalence The DSM does NOT include information about etiology (causes) or treatment The DSM does NOT include information about etiology (causes) or treatment Provides a common ground for mental health professionals to diagnose Provides a common ground for mental health professionals to diagnose

11. DSM V DSM V Criteria for Major Depressive Disorder Criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (aka Unipolar): 3 or more of the following symptoms for 4 or more weeks: (actual list longer) (aka Unipolar): 3 or more of the following symptoms for 4 or more weeks: (actual list longer) 5% weight gain or loss, 5% weight gain or loss, feeling hopelessness/worthlessness feeling hopelessness/worthlessness insomnia/hypersomnia insomnia/hypersomnia loss of interest in pleasurable loss of interest in pleasurable activities. activities.

12. DSM IV and Borderline Personality Disorder What is Borderline Personality Disorder? – YouTube What is Borderline Personality Disorder? – YouTube What is Borderline Personality Disorder? – YouTube What is Borderline Personality Disorder? – YouTube Girl Interrupted- A. Jolie Girl Interrupted- A. Jolie

13. Is this a disorder? What’s classified as a disorder has changed over time… What’s classified as a disorder has changed over time… –1952-1973 – homosexuality was a mental disorder –Should ADHD or narcissism be a psychological disorder? Children who are distractible (have inattention), restless (hyperactivity), difficulty taking turns (impulsive) Children who are distractible (have inattention), restless (hyperactivity), difficulty taking turns (impulsive) Is this a disorder or rambunctiousness? Is this a disorder or rambunctiousness?

14. Labeling The Impact of Labeling those with Mental Disorders The Impact of Labeling those with Mental Disorders –Labels affect how we perceive one another. –Impact of self-fulfilling prophecy –Stereotypes, Stigmatism HW: Read “On Being Sane in Insane Places” – David Rosenhan HW: Read “On Being Sane in Insane Places” – David Rosenhan DEPRESSED SCHIZOP HRENIC OBSESSIVE- COMPULSIVE ADHD BIPOLAR MULTIPLE PERSONALITIES INSANE

15. Labeling and the David Rosenhan Study Labeling and the David Rosenhan Study Experiment with pseudopatients (Confederates) asking to be voluntarily admitted into mental hospitals by saying their symptoms are that they are hearing voices saying “empty, hollow, thud”. Experiment with pseudopatients (Confederates) asking to be voluntarily admitted into mental hospitals by saying their symptoms are that they are hearing voices saying “empty, hollow, thud”. Avg. stay was 19 days with a diagnosis of “schizophrenia in remission” Avg. stay was 19 days with a diagnosis of “schizophrenia in remission”

16. Rosenhan Study One pseudo patient remained 52 days before being released. One pseudo patient remained 52 days before being released. All received few or no visitors (stigma) All received few or no visitors (stigma) In 2 nd study he told staff that there would be pseudopatients coming and they had to try to guess who is real. In 2 nd study he told staff that there would be pseudopatients coming and they had to try to guess who is real. Video-Rosenhan core study Video-Rosenhan core studyRosenhan core studyRosenhan core study

17. Crash course- CC- Psychological Disorders..1 st 6 mins. CC- Psychological Disorders..1 st 6 mins.