2. 1914-1918: The World at War 1914-1918: The World at War

3. Causes of the War

4. MAIN Causes M ilitarism A lliances I mperialism N ationalism

5. Militarism  The belief that a country should increase its army and/or navy and use them to get what it wants.  An example of militarism is when the Germans built up their navy to prove that they were as powerful as Britain.

6. Militarism

7. Alliances  An official agreement between countries or people.  Ms. Chiboucas’s class formed an alliance against Ms. Vela’s class.

8. Alliances

9. Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: Great Britain France Russia Germany Austria-Hungary Italy

10. Map of Alliances in Europe

11. Two Armed Camps! Allied Powers: Central Powers: Great Britain France Russia Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Ottoman Turkey

12. Imperialism  The control of one country by another.  The Scramble for Africa is an example of European imperialism.

13. Imperialism

15. Nationalism  A strong sense of pride in your country and/or people, sometimes including a belief that your country is better than other countries.  Many people display their nationalism by hanging or wearing their country’s flag.

16. Nationalism

17. The “Spark”

18. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

19. The Assassination: Sarajevo

20. The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip Gavrilo Princip

21. July Crisis

22. Timeline of Events June 28Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austro-Hungarian empire, in Sarajevo, Bosnia July 6Germany offers support to Austria-Hungary July 28Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia July 30Russia and Austria-Hungary began to mobilize armies July 31Germany demanded that Russia demobilize. Germany demands that France declare herself neutral in the event of war with Russia within the next 12 hours.

23. The Schlieffen Plan

24. August 1Germany declares war on Russia August 2Germany demands that Belgium remain neutral while German troops move through on the way to France August 3Belgium rejects Germany’s demand of neutrality after Britain states it will support Belgium. Germany declares war on France August 4Germany invades neutral Belgium Britain declares war on Germany

26. German Atrocities in Belgium The press in Britain and France claimed that the Germans were brutal when they invaded Belgium. However, there is little evidence to support these accusations. These rumors did serve to create outrage among the public in France and Britain.

27. What You Should Know Assassination and July Crisis  Assassination of Archduke of Austria – Hungary created the July Crisis, a two-month long diplomatic crisis  Countries began to mobilize their militaries in case war broke out => created distrust  At the same time, they tried to negotiate with each other.

28. Stop and look at documents!

29. Recruitment

30. Mobilization It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to go; It's a long way to go; It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to Tipperary, To the sweetest girl I know! To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye, Piccadilly, Goodbye, Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square, Farewell, Leicester Square, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there! But my heart's right there! It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to go; It's a long way to Tipperary, To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye, Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there!  Home by Christmas!  Excitement for war!  War for Civilization  Nationalism! HHHHome by Christmas! EEEExcitement for war! WWWWar for Civilization NNNNationalism!

31. What You Should Know Recruitment  Germany had a large army already, but other nations, like Britain, had to recruit an army  Thousands of young men volunteered to go to war

32. Recruitment Posters

33. What You Should Know Reactions to War  People thought the war would be over by Christmas  Lots of excitement for war  Many Germans believed they were defending themselves from their enemies that surrounded them  The Allies believed it was a war to save civilization from the aggressive Germans  Lots of national pride! (Nationalism)

34. Recruits of the Central Powers Austro- Hungarians A German Soldier Says Farewell to His Mother

35. New French Recruits

36. A Young Australian Recruit

37. Men Enlisting in Britain in 1914

38. A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier

39. Men Enlisting in Canada

40. Posters: Wartime Propaganda

41. Australian Poster

42. American Poster

43. Financing the War

44. The Western Front: A “War of Attrition”

45. A Multi-Front War

46. The Western Front

47. Trench Warfare

48. “No Man’s Land”

50. Sacrifices in War