1. Chapter 12, Section 3 Music http://www.toke-cha.com/Photo/toke-cha-musical_instruments.jpg

2. What is Music? Music is made of sounds that are purposely used in a regular pattern. Noise has random patterns and pitches. Example: Busy traffic in a large city is noise Example: An orchestra playing a symphony is music

3. What is Music? Natural frequency: a particular frequency at which every material vibrates A guitar string, when plucked, makes a certain pitch every time—that is the string’s natural frequency Resonance: the ability of a medium to vibrate by absorbing energy at its natural frequency All musical instruments have a resonator Resonance helps amplify the sound of an instrument

4. Sound Quality When the same note is played on a piano and a guitar, can you tell the difference between the instruments? This is the sound quality of the instruments The same note is the same fundamental frequency, but the overtones are different Overtones are multiples of the fundamental frequency that distinguish one instrument from another http://regiaecclesia.fil es.wordpress.com/20 07/09/overtone.png

5. Musical Instruments Strings: sound is produced by plucking, striking, or drawing a bow across tightly stretched strings Examples: guitar, violin, harp, piano http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb- media/43/93243-034-3D8C309A.jpg http://www.torontopianosale.c om/img/toronto-piano- tuning.jpg

6. Musical Instruments Brass and Woodwinds: rely on the vibration of air to make music Examples: horn, oboe, flute http://www.raisonsbrassband.com/images/band- instruments.jpg http://www.nottageprimary.brid gend.gov.uk/images/Flute.jpg

7. Musical Instruments Percussion: sound is produced by striking, shaking, rubbing, or brushing an object Examples: drums, xylophone, cymbals, piano http://www.oebs.org/page/ypc- edu-pack/image-edu- pack/percussion.jpg

8. Beats When two instruments play the same note and one is out of tune; you will hear a pulsing variation in loudness—this is a beat. The sound waves interfere with each other, causing the compressions to align (louder), then come out of alignment (softer). http://sol.sci.uop.edu/~jfalwa rd/soundinterference/tuningf orksbeats.jpg Beats Applet