1. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Development of an Inertia-Driven Model of Sideways Fall for Detailed Study of Femur Fracture Mechanics J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(12):121001-121001-8. doi:10.1115/1.4025390 Schematic of the fall simulator showing the mass and spring structures that influence loading a fall to the side. meff_p+f is the effective mass of the lateral pelvis and femur. Figure Legend:

2. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Development of an Inertia-Driven Model of Sideways Fall for Detailed Study of Femur Fracture Mechanics J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(12):121001-121001-8. doi:10.1115/1.4025390 In previous tests on osteoligamentous pelvises an instrumented impactor was dropped on the greater trochanter at 4.5 m/s. When the impactor came into contact with the trochanter a force spike was seen before deformation of the pelvis had begun, as indicated by highlighted peak in the inset graph (adapted from Beason et. al [55] with permission). This spike was created by the acceleration of the mass of the lateral pelvis and femur. Illustrations adapted from Gray et al. [67], copyright expired. Figure Legend:

3. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Development of an Inertia-Driven Model of Sideways Fall for Detailed Study of Femur Fracture Mechanics J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(12):121001-121001-8. doi:10.1115/1.4025390 A photo of the fall simulator showing each element of the model Figure Legend:

4. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Development of an Inertia-Driven Model of Sideways Fall for Detailed Study of Femur Fracture Mechanics J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(12):121001-121001-8. doi:10.1115/1.4025390 An example response of the fall simulator plotted with human pelvis drop data [50]. The dashed line indicates the initial loading slope of the scaled volunteer data and the circle indicates the location of the peak forces. The human data was scaled by the ratio of the impact velocities. Figure Legend:

5. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Development of an Inertia-Driven Model of Sideways Fall for Detailed Study of Femur Fracture Mechanics J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(12):121001-121001-8. doi:10.1115/1.4025390 The averages and standard deviations of the strain errors measured for each specimen. Three specimens, 5, 8, and 10, were subjected to camera vibration, leading to incorrect DIC strain readings. Figure Legend:

6. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Development of an Inertia-Driven Model of Sideways Fall for Detailed Study of Femur Fracture Mechanics J Biomech Eng. 2013;135(12):121001-121001-8. doi:10.1115/1.4025390 Example data from the DIC analysis. Time versus strain plot (a) for specimen 16 shows the character and magnitude of the random noise, and an example DIC strain contour map (b) shows how the strain varied over the surface of the bone at the maximum applied load. The bone is oriented such that superior is to the left and lateral to the top. The head of the femur is in the lower left and the trochanter occupies the upper portion of the image, with the strain gauge wires visible on the right. Figure Legend: