1. Plant Reproduction

2. Life Cycle of a Plant

3. All the parts of a plant such as roots, stems and leaves except the flower, are known as the vegetative parts.
We have also noticed that after a while a young plant bears flowers, in a particular season.
Flowers are known as the reproductive parts.

6. 1. Label the diagram of a plant and its parts.

7. Asexual Reproduction

8. Vegetative Propagation
Piece of a body of a multicellular organism gives rise to a new organism
Common in plants - using stems, leaves, or roots
Can occur naturally or artificially

9. Natural Vegetative Propagation
Bulb-
Corm-
Tuber-
Runner-
Rhizome-
Short underground stem with stored food & fleshy leaves Ex. Onion, tulip
Short underground stem with stored food Ex. Water chestnut
Enlarged underground stem Ex. potato
(stolon) horizontal stem with buds along ground’s surface Ex. strawberry
Underground horizontal stem
Ex. ginger

10. Tuber
Runner
Bulb
Corm
Rhizome

11. Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Cutting- use part of plant to
reproduce (Ex. Spider plant )
Layering- stem is bent over and covered with soil  will root and form new plant (Ex. raspberry)
Grafting- stem or bud of one plant is joined permanently to another plant
(Ex. Seedless fruit tree)

12. scion
stock
Layering
Grafting

13. Asexual Reproduction The following plants perform both asexual and sexual reproduction. Take some time to explore them. ADD: 12. Explain 3 different ways they demonstrate asexual reproduction
Strawberries
Bananas
Potatoes
Onions
Apples

14. Sexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction can be summarized as:

18. 2. Label the parts of a flower.

22. 3. Label the parts of stamen and pistil.

23. Have you seen bees, ants and insects visiting flowers
Have you seen bees, ants and insects visiting flowers? What do you think is the purpose of their visit? 4. Give three reasons.

24. POLLINATION
We have often noticed insects visiting flowers. They visit flowers for their food; nectar and
pollen. During the process they carry pollen grains on their wings or feet and inadvertently
deposit them on the stigma of another flower. This transfer of pollen grains to the stigma of
another flower is known as Pollination.
When the pollen grains are deposited on the stigma of the same flower or on the stigma of a
different flower of the same plant, the process is known as Self-Pollination.
If they get deposited on stigma of a different plant, the process is known as Cross-Pollination.

25. Agents of Pollination
Pollen grains have a tough protective coat which protects them from drying.
When they are light they can be carried by wind.
If they are sticky, insects or any animal visiting them can carry them away as they stick to their bodies and drop them on the next flower.
Pollen grains can also be carried by water in aquatic plants.
Since wind, water, insects and animals help in pollination, they are called the agents of pollination.

26. Pollination by Insects

27. Pollination by Insects

28. Pollination by Flying Animals

29. Pollination by wind

30. 5. Label the pollination picture
5. Label the pollination picture * Label which is cross pollination and which is self pollination 6. Define the types of Pollination & list the ways it is done.

31. Fertilization
The process of fusion of the male and female gamete is called fertilization. The result of fusion is a cell called zygote. The zygote cell multiplies and develops into an embryo.

32. Functions of a Flower in a Plant:
Some important functions of flowers are:
Flowers help in reproduction.
Flowers like rose and jasmine are important ingredients of perfume.
Flowers are used to decorate houses, roadside, parks and other places because of their variety of colors.

33. Flower becomes a Fruit:
We have just said that fertilized eggs develop into an embryo.
Embryo grows inside the ovule which is located in ovary.
The ovary of the flower ripens into fruit.
The ovules present inside the ovary become seeds.
The sepals, petals and stamens dry up and fall off.

34. What is a fruit ?
If you are to name some fruits it is obvious for you to think of grapes, bananas and apples.
Scientifically speaking, when the ovary of a flower (after fertilization) enlarges to store food, it is called a fruit.
It is interesting to note that the center most part of an apple that you throw is the actual fruit.

35. While ovary becomes a fruit, the sepals, petals and stamens all dry up and fall off.
Hence the fruit is a ripened ovary. While ovary becomes a fruit, the sepals, petals and stamens all dry up and fall off.
Hence the fruit is a ripened ovary.

36. So the next time you eat fruit, think what you are really eating!