1. Chapter 2/3 Review Game The Chemistry of Life

2. What is anything that occupies space and has mass? Matter

3. What is made of a single kind of atom and cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substances? Element

4. What 3 subatomic particles make up the atom? Protons, neutrons, & electrons

5. What two subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? Protons and neutrons

6. What is the charge on each of the subatomic particles? Proton + (positive) Neutron 0 (neutral) Electron – (negative)

7. What does the atomic number tell you? Number of protons Number of electrons

8. What does the mass number tell you? Number of protons + neutrons

9. What type of bond is formed when two atoms share electrons? Covalent bond

10. When an atom gives away an electron – what is formed? An ion (a positive ion)

11. The equation for photosynthesis is: CO 2 + H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 What are the reactants in this equation? CO 2 + H 2 O

12. There is an uneven distribution of charge Electrons are shared unevenly You learned that water is a polar molecule. What does this mean?

13. What side of the water molecule (oxygen or hydrogen) is negative? Oxygen

14. What is the force that holds water molecules together – the reason for being able to get 35 drops of water on top of the penny? Cohesion

15. What is the force called that attracts water to other substances – an example would be a meniscus in a graduated cylinder? Adhesion

16. A solution consists of a solute evenly dissolved in a solvent. What would be an example of a solvent? Water

17. What is the pH range of acids? Less than 7

18. If you measure the pH of something as 7 – what term would describe this number? Neutral

19. What are chemicals that neutralize the effects of acids and bases? Buffers

20. What is the monomer of carbohydrates? Monosaccharide

21. What three atoms make up carbohydrates? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

22. What is the main function of carbohydrates in our bodies? Main energy source

23. What is the monomer for proteins? Amino acids

24. What are the three parts of an amino acid? Amino group, R group, carboxyl group

25. What is the monomer of lipids? Fatty acid

26. What are 2 examples of lipids? Phospholipids, triglycerides, waxes, oils, steroids

27. What is the monomer for nucleic acids? Nucleotide

28. What are the three parts of a nucleotide? 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base

29. What is the main function of nucleic acids? Store and transmit (hereditary) information

30. What type of lipid is solid at room temperature? Saturated fatty acids (triglycerides)

31. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Sucrose Carb

32. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Enzymes Protein

33. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) DNA Nucleic acid

34. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Waxes Lipids

35. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Phospholipids Lipids

36. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Starch Carb

37. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Glycogen Carb

38. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Muscle fibers (actin/myosin) Protein

39. Name that macromolecule (carb, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) Sucrase Protein (enzymes end in –ase)