1. Nature, sustainable development and innovations Dr. Timo J. Hokkanen Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment for North Karelia/ North Karelia Biosphere Reserve North Karelia Biosphere Reserve 1992 - 2012

2. Sustainability and innovations  Biosphere Reserve programme and BR activities  platform & tool for co-operation throughout the world 2. New concepts  Combining nature protection, use of natural resources (sensu lato) and tourism business

3. Keywords  Forests, forestry, research and innovations  Extensive and productive co-operation  Societal point of view (> development, sensu lato)  Position, power & influence

4. 1. North Karelia Biosphere Reserve

5. Section 1 – Biosphere Reserves  UNESCOs MaB programme and Biosphere Reserves  621 sites, 117 countries  North Karelia BR  What are we doing and how

7. ”Biosphere Reserves – connecting people”

8. Gapalagos islands Ecuador

9. BR network: Europe

10. BR network: Asia

11. Indian Biosphere Reserves Source: UNESCO

12. Biosphere Reserve functions Sustainable development Conservation Logistics, support

13. North Karelia Biosphere Reserve North Karelia BR (1992) –800 000 ha –21 000 inhabitants Archipelago Sea BR (1994) –300 000 ha –1200 inhabitants

14. Biosphere reserve steering committee (2008-2012) Prof. Paavo Pelkonen (chairman)University of Eastern Finland (Prof. Taneli KolströmFinnish Forest Research Institute) Mayor Markku LappalainenIlomantsi municipality City clerk Jari HorttanainenJoensuu City City clerk Matti TaponenLieksa City Park superintendent Kyösti TuhkalainenMetsähallitus (CEO Tiina TolvanenNorth Karelia Chamber of Commerce) Prof. Ari LehtinenUEF Planning officer Hanne LohilahtiNorth Karelia Regional Council Leading researcher Raimo HeikkiläFinnish Environment institute, Joensuu Unit Prof. Erkki SutinenUEF CEO Markku LitjaKarelia-Expert OY Head of department Aarne WahlgrenCentre of Economic Development, transport and the Environment for North Karelia Co-ordinator Timo J. Hokkanen (secr.)North Karelia Biosphere Reserve

15. North Karelia Joensuu RUSSIA

16. North Karelia BR Joensuu Lieksa Ilomantsi

17. NK biosphere reserve Established 1992, extended 2009 Total area: 790 745 ha Population: 21 000 Core areas: 24 953 ha Buffer zone: 22 779 ha Main activities Forestry related actions, tourism, services

18. KALEVALA – the national epic of Finland

20. Slash and burn agriculture

21. Sonkaja Village

22. Patvinsuo National Park Photo: www.vastavalo.fi

23. Forest, mires and lakes Photo: Markku Tano Koli National Park

26. North Karelia Kainuu Border area provinces in Russia North Karelia BR Activities

28. Greater entities, more extensive activities Future needs environmental AND developmental emphasis Future is international ROK-FOR Project Sustainable Forest Management providing renewable energy, sustainable construction and bio-based products

29. GREEN BELT OF FENNOSCANDIA geology bedrock, ice age biodiversity values indigenous species biological assemblages ecological corridor cultural heritage Sami people Kalevala hunting and fishing transboundary co-operation

30. The Green Belt of Fennoscandia Old bedrock (archaic) Young bedrock Height above sea level (m) Height above sea level (m) Generalized location (in green)

32. Biodiversity values  western margin of Eurasian taiga  all boreal zone subzones included from South to North  outstanding climax Scots Pine (Pinus silvestris) stands (no Larix)  a sample of productive and diverse sites forming an ecological corridor from South to North through the boreal zone

33. Large carnivores Source: European changing Nature, 2000 Wolverine (Gulo gulo) Wolf (Canis lupus)

34. European Green Belt

35. Vision: Ecological network from the Barents Sea to the Adriatic Sea/Black Sea Global symbol for transboundary co-operation in nature conservation and sustainable development

36. Border area forest studies New technology Mapping biota Forest continuity Improved performance in both conservation and in forestry

37. Input data GeoDatabase on presence (coverage)/absence of indicator species Satellite images GeoDatabase on stand structure variables

38. Data workflow Expert knowledge: What kind of forest structure?

39. Predicted number of OGF indicator species Lopatin et al. 2006

40. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle At Mekrijärvi Research Station  Launched from hands  Automated flights  High resolution aerial photos in 20 minutes

42. Elimyssalo area – good connectivity

43. (Lopatin, Kolström, Hokkanen 2009, manuscript) webserver: mekri.joensuu.fi/gap_karelia Continuity of OGF at the border area between Finland and Russia

44. Development of transboundary ecological networks source IUCN core areas protected corridors and stepping stones not necessarily protected Border

45. 2 – RoK-FOR Project  Based on sustainable forestry  Regional emphasis  Innovativeness  Co-operation structures created GOAL: European-wide (and beyond!) co-operation

46. Sustainable forestry providing renewable energy, biobased products and sustainable construction (FP7 - Regions of Knowledge project 245437)‏ RoK-FOR Consortium Finland – Germany – France – Spain - Croatia/Serbia

47. RoK-FOR  Forests and related economy  Innovations: advantage of differences  Regions & LMI  ROK - Building on regional strengths, innovative approaches and strategic co-operation

48. ROK-FOR consortium

49. Co-operation between different actors Heterosis ( a.k.a. hybrid vigor or outbreeding enhancement), describes the increased strength of different characteristics in hybrids; the possibility to obtain a genetically superior individual by combining the virtues of its parents.

50. Cellulose

51. Plastic

52. www.flaxwood.com

54. Regions & LMI  Innovations often emerge in small businesses  Regions can be driving force of the LMI processes – with help of the right partners and policies

55. Bioenergy (% of total energy consumption)‏ %

56. North Karelia: emphasis on bioenergy  Regional Bioenergy programme  Forest bioenergy innovation and development centre under development  University of Joensuu, Finnish Forest Research Institute,  European Forest Institute, Regional Council  Businesses  Koli forum  led by nobelist Martti Ahtisaari & ex Nokia CEO Jorma Ollila  c.a. 100 distinguished national & international participants

57. Koli Forum theses forests and bioenergy make up the main tools for mitigation of climate change and adaptation to it Photo: Newspaper Karjalainen

59. RoK-FOR structure: strengths adding to each other AdministrationSMEsResearch Regional cluster REGIONAL ACTION PLAN RoK-FOR Consortium (5 regional clusters, 20 partners) ‏ JOINT ACTION PLAN Mentoring

60. Koli Visitors’ and Culture Centre International sustainable development model Koli Cultura ~ 40 M € investment

61. Koli Cultura - Combines services and regional development - C.a. 40 M€ investment - Aims at creating - World level, sustainable development based visitor and culture centre - a model to operate in between a protected area and society - a permanent platform for development actions - an extensive network of co-operation

62. 10000 hrs Time Place Partners Skills

68. KOLI CULTURA JUHA MÄKI-JYLLILÄ, JKMM Architects

69. Koli Sustainable Development Platform K o l i Cultura National Park Koli Village Sustainable Development In Centre North Karelia province National & International Contacts Green Belt of Fennoscandia MaB programme Technology Programme

70. Energy solutions National top class parties involved

71. Energy solutions, e.g., bioenergy chain - a very simple example

72. Making wood pellets in a small enterprise

74. FUTURE Are we Leading or Following? The importance of environmental issues is growing ” Leading = Creating relevance” ”Actions = relevance combined with the will to do”

75. Influence & results Position and power are not equal to influence! ”You can achieve miracles with your ideas and innovations if you are not too strict who gets the credit!”

76. Rosa acicularis – Rose of Karelia