1. Comparing and Contrasting Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids-DNA, RNA Proteins USE THIS POWERPOINT TO COMPLETE YOUR ORGANIZER

2. What “biological compounds do our cells need? The four major biological compounds are: Nucleic Acids (RNA and DNA) Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids(fats) -Only proteins, carbohydrates and lipids are considered “food” because they are the only ones in which the body/cells get energy.

3. Monomers are “building block” molecules that connect to each other to make bigger molecules (polymers). The monomers “ building blocks” that make up these nutrients are: Carbohydrates - monosaccharides. Lipids - glycerol and fatty acids. Nucleic acids - nucleotides. Proteins - amino acids.

4. Group (Building Block) FunctionTo Identify, Look for... Carbohydrate (Monosaccharide) Energy source and storage, used for structure of plant cell wall fuels our brain and muscles; Made of C,H, and O Protein (Amino acid) repair of structures and building cell structures Key for building body tissues Can be an energy source Contain C, H, O, and N and sometimes sulfur. Nucleic acid (Nucleotide) Information storage and transfer Contain N Lipid (fats) * ( Glycerol, fatty acids) Membrane structure, energy storage, Absorbs fat-soluble Made of C,H, N, O, and P *Lipids are not polymers.

5. What is “protein”? One of the three nutrients used as energy sources (calories) by the body. Proteins are essential components of the muscle, skin, and bones. Aim for 10% to 35% of calories Proteins and carbohydrates each provide 4 calories of energy per gram, whereas fats provide 9 calories per gram.carbohydratesgram

6. Sources of Protein

7. Top 10 Plants High in Protein #1 asparagus #2 pumpkin seeds #3 cauliflower #4 peanuts #5 oats #6 beans #7 almonds #8 spinach #9 broccoli #10 quinoa

8. Sources of Carbohydrates See “Carbohydrates in Foods Lists ”

9. Simple vs Complex Carbs Carbohydrates and fats are the main source of energy for your body. Carbs are made up of sugars, which break down to provide either quick energy or slow-burning, sustained energy over a period of several hours. "Simple" carbs are quick energy sources, while "complex" carbs provide longer-lasting energy. In addition to providing physical energy, carbohydrates also effectively fuel the brain.

10. What are lipids/fats? A biological compound that is not soluble (dissolvable) in water, e.g. a fat. Fats are classified as “saturated  ” or “unsaturated. Unsaturated fats are more beneficial to our body and are liquid at room temperature. Saturated fats are less beneficial to our bodies and are solid at room temperature. “Trans Fats” are a type of unsaturated fat that is not beneficial to our bodies. Lipids/fats have more energy; however, unsaturated fats are healthy.

11. Are fats good or bad for you? What do you think? Unsaturated Fats VS Saturated Fats

12. Unsaturated Fats

13. Saturated Fats. (solid at room temperature)

14. Effects of Long-term Consumption of Saturated Fats -Eating fatty foods appears to take an almost immediate toll on both short-term memory and exercise performance. -Studies have suggested that long-term consumption of a high-fat diet is associated with weight gain, heart disease and declines in cognitive (mental) function. - New research shows how indulging in - fatty foods over the course of a few - days can affect the brain and body long before the extra pounds show up.

15. Atherosclerosis is a type of hardening of the arteries in which lipids, particularly cholesterol, build up on the side arterial walls. Risk factors cigarette smoking, a high fat/high cholesterol diet, and hypertension.Risk cholesterol

16. Atherosclerosis: hardening of the arteries actual images

17. Progression of Cholesterol Accumulation Food Analysis Activity … The Big Picture