1. By: Marc Lemann

2. Signed August 1, 1975 Accord was to detach American influence in Europe Confrence was already supposed to happen in 1974, but Russia could not decide if it would benefit them or not if the Americans were out of Europe. Thirty-five states signed the declaration (the USA, Canada, and all European states except Albania and Andorra), which was an attempt to improve the relations between the Communist bloc and the West.

3. Agreed upon: I. Sovereign equality, respect for the rights inherent in sovereignty II. Refraining from the threat or use of force III. Inviolability of frontiers IV. Territorial integrity of States V. Peaceful settlement of disputes VI. Non-intervention in internal affairs VII. Respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief VIII. Equal rights and self-determination of peoples IX. Co-operation among States X. Fulfilment in good faith of obligations under international law

4. Charter 77 - Václav Havel Charter 77 was an informal civic initiative in Czechoslovakia from 1977 to 1992, named after the document Charter 77 from January 1977. Founding members and architects were Václav Havel, Jan Patočka, Zdeněk Mlynář, Jiří Hájek, and Pavel Kohout. After the 1989 Velvet Revolution, many of its members played important roles in Czech and Slovak politics.

5. How does this relates to Cold War? The document was seen both as a significant step toward reducing Cold War tensions Was a major diplomatic boost for the Soviet Union at the time, due to its clauses on the inviolability of national borders and respect for territorial integrity, which were seen to consolidate the USSR's territorial gains in Eastern Europe following the WW2

6. Sources Détente 1969-1979, SALT I & SALT II, The Helsinki Accord, Willi Brandt and Ostpolitik (McC, R-Am pp. 60-72. Tomkinson, pp. 107-113. Lowe, pp. 157-162 McCauley – pp. 69-70, 73, 156-7 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helsinki_Final_Act