1. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Bellringer Refer to Figure 4 in your book for help answering the following questions: What do gold, iron, and aluminum have in common? What do oxygen, neon, and sulfur have in common? How is silicon different from aluminum or oxygen? Chapter 4

2. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Elements Objectives Describe pure substances. Describe the characteristics of elements, and give examples. Explain how elements can be identified. Classify elements according to their properties. Chapter 4

3. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Elements Vocabulary element pure substance metal nonmetal metalloid Chapter 4

4. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Elements, the Simplest Substances An element is a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. Only One Type of Particle A substance in which there is only one type of particle is a pure substance. Elements are made of particles called atoms. Chapter 4

5. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Properties of Elements Each element can be identified by its unique set of characteristic properties. An element may share a property with another element, but other properties can help you tell the elements apart. Characteristic properties include some physical properties, such as boiling point, melting point, and density. Chemical properties, such as reactivity with acid, are also characteristic properties. Chapter 4

6. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Identifying Elements by Their Properties Elements can be identified by using their physical properties and their chemical properties. Chapter 4

7. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Classifying Elements by Their Properties Categories of Elements Three major categories are: Metals are shiny, and they conduct heat energy and electric current. Nonmetals conduct heat and electricity poorly. Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Chapter 4

8. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Classifying Elements by Their Properties, continued Categories Are Similar By knowing the category to which an unfamiliar element belongs, you can predict some of its properties. The next slide show examples and properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Chapter 4

9. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Chapter 4

10. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Elements Section Summary A substance in which all of the particles are alike is a pure substance. An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler by physical or chemical means. Each element has a unique set of physical and chemical properties. Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids, based on their properties. Chapter 4