1. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 1 European IPPC Bureau Main conditions for forming the integrated pollution prevention and control system: regulations, scope and working out of the complex approach Bianca Maria Scalet European IPPC Bureau Sustainable Production and Consumption Unit Joint Research Centre – Institute for Prospective Technological Studies 25 January 2011

2. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 2 European IPPC Bureau IPPC approach and related regulations Council Directive 96/61/EC of 24 September 1996 concerning integrated pollution prevention and control Directive 2008/1/EC of 15 January 2008 Codified version Directive 2010/75/EU of 24 November 2010 On industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (Recast)

3. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 3 European IPPC Bureau The European Industrial Emissions Directive 1/3 Key instrument for minimising emissions and consumptions from most industrial activities General framework: The purpose is to prevent (minimise) pollution Achieve a high level of protection for the environment as a whole Installations must be operated according to an integrated permit issued by competent authorities, containing emission limit values based on Best Available Techniques (BAT)

4. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 4 European IPPC Bureau The European Industrial Emissions Directive 2/3 It amends existing legislation concerning industrial emissions: Large Combustion Plants (LCP) Directive 2001/80/EC Waste Incineration Directive 200/76/EC Directive on VOC emissions from solvents 199/13/EC Directives related to the titanium dioxide industry 78/176, 82/883 and 92/112 European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) Regulation 166/2006

5. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 5 European IPPC Bureau The European Industrial Emissions Directive 3/3 The driving forces of the new Industrial Emissions Directive: Prevent emissions at source or, where that is not practicable, reducing emissions from industrial activities Implement the Best Available Techniques (BAT) Assure compliance enforcement and environmental improvements Provide a level playing field in the European Union by aligning environmental performance requirements for industrial installations

6. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 6 European IPPC Bureau The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control System It should protect the environment as a whole, avoiding shifting pollution from one environmental medium to another The control system is addressed to prevent or reduce: air emissions water emissions production of waste energy consumption, noise emissions, consumption of natural resources, etc. It should ensure: protection of the soil and ground water return of the industrial site to the initial state upon cessation of activities appropriate management of the waste generated by the installation

7. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 7 European IPPC Bureau Categories of activities covered Activities covered by the IPPC Directive 96/61/EC (six main categories): Energy industry Production and processing of metals (ferrous, non-ferrous, surface treatment) Mineral industry (cement, lime, magnesium, asbestos, glass, ceramic products) Chemical industry (organic, inorganic, fertilisers, pharmaceutical products, plant protection products, biocides, explosives) Waste management (disposal, recovery, landfills, storage) Other activities (e.g. pulp and paper, tanning of hides, intensive rearing of poultry and pigs, slaughterhouses, production of food products, surface treatment of substances) In general, threshold values are given for the activities falling under the scope of the Industrial Emissions Directive. Production capacities or outputs (e.g. tonnes/h; tonnes/day; m 3 /day, thermal input in MW, number of animals, etc.) It covers about 50000 installations (industrial and agricultural)

8. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 8 European IPPC Bureau New sectors covered by the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) Extension of activities already covered: Wood-based panels (strand board, particleboard, fibreboard) with production capacity exceeding 600 m 3 per day Production of food from animal and vegetable raw materials, both in combined and separate products with a specified finished production capacity. New activities: Capture of CO 2 streams from installations covered by the IED Preservation of wood and wood products with chemicals, with a production capacity exceeding 75 m 3 Independently operated treatment of waste water not covered by Directive 91/271/EEC (concerning urban waste-water treatment)

9. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 9 European IPPC Bureau Industrial Emission Directive operating scheme Prevention and control of pollution from industrial installations Application of the best available techniques (BAT) BAT-based permit and emission limit values Industrial Emissions Directive

10. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 10 European IPPC Bureau The basis to determine best available techniques Article 13(1) of Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EC: “In order to draw up, review and, where necessary, update BAT reference documents, the Commission shall organise an exchange of information between Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection and the Commission” The exchange of information should address: the performance of installations and techniques in terms of emissions and consumptions, etc. the techniques used, associated monitoring, economic and technical viability, etc. best available techniques and emerging techniques identified after considering all the issues concerned

11. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 11 European IPPC Bureau BAT Reference Documents (BREFs) Based on intensive exchange of information Structured and prepared on the basis of established guidelines Provide BAT conclusions which shall be the reference for setting permit conditions The actors involved in the exchange of information: Forum (Information Exchange Forum) European IPPC Bureau Technical Working Group

12. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 12 European IPPC Bureau Information exchange – purpose and actors FORUM (IEF) Member States EU-27 Industrial NGOs Environmental NGOs IPPC experts group (IEG) TWG 31 TWG 2TWG 1 TWG 33 ……………………………. European IPPC Bureau (EIPPCB) European Commission Member States EU-27 European Commission EFTA and acceding countries

13. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 13 European IPPC Bureau FORUM (IEF) Member States EU-27 Industrial NGOs Environmental NGOs European Commission Provides an opinion to the Commission on the proposed content of the BAT reference documents Generally, oversees and coordinates the information exchange process (work programme) Provides guidance on the collection of data Provides guidance on the drawing up of BAT reference documents, their quality assurance, suitability of the content and format Nomination of TWG members EFTA and acceding countries European Commission

14. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 14 European IPPC Bureau Exchanges information concerning the Directive on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control): State of play of the implementation into national legislation Difficulties and good practices encountered in the application Interpretation of words and phrases Production of guidance Strategic discussions IPPC EXPERTS GROUP (IEG) European Commission Member States EU-27 EFTA and acceding countries

15. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 15 European IPPC Bureau Member States EU-27 Industrial NGOs Environmental NGOs European Commission EFTA and acceding countries Groups of experts established by the Commission one TWG for each BREF document carries out the detailed work for the exchange of information, collect information (general information on the industry sector, emission/consumption data, etc.) and commenst on draft BREFs and documents actively exchanges information during the first development/elaboration and the reviews of BREFs About 80 – 90 members for each TWG TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP (TWG)

16. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 16 European IPPC Bureau European IPPC Bureau (EIPPCB): permanent secretariat to the TWG prepares proposals for guidance on the whole process (data collection, quality assurance, standard texts, etc.) BREF expert: leads and steer the work of theTWG analyses information received and proposes text tries to close the information gaps presents the BREF to Forum THE SEVILLA PROCESS EIPPC Bureau and BREF expert

17. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 17 European IPPC Bureau WHAT A BREF IS: the instrument through which best available techniques (BAT) and emerging techniques are determined based on sound techno-economic information a comprehensive techno-economic assessment of the polluting and consuming potentials of an industrial sector and of the ways to control them a document that contains BAT conclusions and emission and consumption levels associated with the best available techniques the result of an information exchange organised under Article 13 of the Industrial Emissions Directive A publicly available document

18. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 18 European IPPC Bureau WHAT A BREF IS NOT It does not interpret the Directive It does not define or alter legal obligations It cannot be exhaustive or take full account of detailed local considerations 200 – 1000 pages

19. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 19 European IPPC Bureau GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR THE START OR REVIEW OF A BREF Commission’s decision to launch work on a BREF, taking into account the opinion of the Forum: new measures and techniques have emerged new environmental processes have been introduced into the industrial sector the concluding remarks in the existing BREF call for a review of the document need to include products/substances need to expand the scope of an existing BREF Nomination of the TWG members Kick-off meeting

20. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 20 European IPPC Bureau Typical workflow for the preparation/revision of a BREF document Step No.BREF review stepExpected time (months) Accumulated time (months) 1 TWG activation/reactivation11 2 Call for wishes1-22-3 3 Kick-off meeting35-6 4 New information (deadline)611-12 5 Elaboration of first draft6-817-20 6 TWG comments219-22 7 Elaboration of second draft0-619-28 8 TWG comments0-219-30 9 Final meeting3-522-35 10 Final draft325-38 11 Presentation to the ForumSubject to schedule of the Forum meetings 12 Adoption of BAT conclusions by the Committee (Art. 75 IED) Subject to schedule of the Committee meetings

21. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 21 European IPPC Bureau Structure of a BREF document It follows the outlines and guide approved by the Forum In general, the structure is the following: Chapter 1 – General information on the sector: products, market, economics, main environmental issues Chapter 2 – Applied processes and techniques Chapter 3 – Present consumptions and emission levels Chapter 4 – Techniques to consider in the determination of BAT Chapter 5 – BAT conclusions (best available techniques for the industrial sector with associated emission and consumption levels) Chapter 6 – Emerging techniques Standalone document

22. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 22 European IPPC Bureau BREF development 1/2 Each BREF document is based on an efficient data collection: data at installation level quantity and representativeness comparability of data It should include information from best performing plants all environmental aspects should be covered (e.g. energy, residues/waste, fugitive emissions)

23. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 23 European IPPC Bureau BREF development 2/2 The BREF is as working draft of the EIPPCB until a final draft is accepted by DG Environment in consultation with stakeholders (Forum) A Committee composed by Member State representatives shall agree on the adoption of BAT conclusions BREFs and draft BREFs are made publicly available via the EIPPCB website (http://eippcb.jrc.es/reference/)

24. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 24 European IPPC Bureau Available BREF documents

25. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 25 European IPPC Bureau How to make the complex approach work out 1/2 The EIPPCB expert should be familiar with the sector and related environmental regulations All stakeholders should contribute to the exchange of information, including representatives from institutions/associations who are not directly represented in the TWG (e.g. competent authorities, equipment suppliers, representatives of industrial installations) A transparent assessment of the available information with regards to all the different environmental aspects should be carried out: identification of the key environmental issues examination of the conditions under which the performance levels were achieved (e.g. costs, cross-media effects, driving force for implementation)

26. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 26 European IPPC Bureau How to make the complex approach work out 2/2 Base BAT conclusions on clear facts and sound techno-economic information Carefully assess the applicability of the identified BAT and identify any potential restriction Relate emissions and consumption levels associated with the application of best available techniques to the averaging period and reference conditions Take into account possible limitations associated with the measuring methods and uncertainty of the measurements Specify monitoring requirements

27. Workshop on Introducing integrated pollution control system – Kiev, 25 – 26 January, 2011 27 European IPPC Bureau Thank you for your attention Bianca Maria SCALET European IPPC Bureau bianca-maria.scalet@ec.europa.eu@ec.europa.eu Tel.: +34 954 488 453 http://eippcb.jrc.es