1. Cooper – CGF3M

2. Earth’s only natural satellite – revolves around the Earth Theorized that the moon and Earth were formed at the same time, from the same nebulae that created the planets. Moon, being smaller, was captured by the Earth’s gravity. Moon’s rotation is equal to its revolution around the Earth, and therefore we only see one side of the moon at all times.

3. The orbit takes approximately 30 days around the Earth. Phases – changes in shape of the moon due to the changing illumination of the moon by the sun, as seen from the Earth. Moonlight = reflected sunlight. New Moon – When you cannot see the moon at all – the night side faces the Earth. Full Moon – When you see the entire day half of the moon.

4. Waxing moon – when you see more and more of the moon each night. Waning – when ou see less and less of the moon each night. Lunar month – the 29.5 days to go from new moon to new moon (dark side is facing earth)

5. Sun Moon Earth

7. The Earth and the moon both cast long shadows into space When either the Earth or the moon pass through these shadows, it is known as an eclipse

8. When the moon passes directly between the sun and the earth, the moon “blocks out” or eclipses the sun Occurs during the day, in the phase of the new moon A solar eclipse can be total, if the entire sun is eclipsed, or partial, if only a section of the sun is hidden from view. If we see the moon inside the Sun it is called an Annular Eclipse The maximum duration is 7 min and 30 seconds

9. During the night, in the phase of the full moon, the earth may come between the moon and the sun. People on earth will see the shadow of the earth on the moon, causing a lunar eclipse. In other words the moon passes through the earth’s shadow A lunar eclipse does not happen every full moon because the moons orbital plane is tilted from that of the earth’s. Can last up to two hours

10. Tide - name given to the periodic rise and fall of the sea. Caused mainly by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun pulling on the waters of the earth, thus causing them to bulge. The moon has a greater effect on tides because it is closer to earth. The gravitational pull of the moon causes two bulges in the earth’s oceans. One occurs on the side facing the moon and the other on the opposite side, this is a compensatory bulge due to the earth’s centre of gravity and its rotation. These bulges are called high tide. The other two areas on the earth are said to be in low tide.

11. Since the earth makes one complete rotation every 24 hours, every place on earth should receive two high tides and two low tides. The tides are approximately 12.5 hours apart. The difference in water level between high and low tide is known as the ‘tidal range’. On most coasts it is commonly 2 - 4 meters. In enclosed seas like the Caribbean it is usually less than a meter and in the Mediterranean it is almost zero. The Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia has a tidal range of about 12 - 15 meters(owing to the funnel like nature of the bay). Spring Tide - When the moon and the sun are aligned with the earth the high tides are higher and the low tides are lower. Neap Tide - When the moon, earth and sun form a right angle with each other the high tides are a bit lower and the low tides are a bit higher.