1. EU peníze středním školám Název vzdělávacího materiálu: Holidays and celebrations Číslo vzdělávacího materiálu: AJ1-32 Šablona: II/2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky cizích jazyků na středních školách. Název sady vzdělávacích materiálů:Materiály pro přípravu k maturitě Autor: Mgr. Michala Nyklesová Datum vytvoření: 8. 6. 2014 Garant (kontrola):Mgr. Jarmila Jurečková Ročník: vyšší gymnázium Vzdělávací oblast: Jazyk a jazyková komunikace Vzdělávací obor: Anglický jazyk Metodika/anotace:Powerpointová prezentace. Maturitní téma Holidays and celebrations - slovní zásoba a fráze, informace. Časový rozvrh:40 minut Zdroje: ( Možné uvést v závěru) viz. poslední slide Gymnázium Františka Křižíka a základní škola, s.r.o.

2. Holidays and celebrations

3. Czech holidays 1st of January marks the beginning Czech Republic 1st of January - is New Year’s Day. This day also marks the beginning of the independent Czech Republic which came into existence on January 1, 1993 after the separation of Czechoslovakia into two states – the Czech and Slovak Republics 1st of May burning the witches“ 1st of May - an international Day of Labour is celebrated to remember a strike by American workers in Chicago that took place on May 1, 1886. Nowadays it has become a day of love when lovers kiss under blooming trees, it follows the celebrations of „burning the witches“ on April 30 (bonfire night) 8th of May Liberation Day 8th of May – Liberation Day - This day celebrates the end of the Second World War (WWII) in Europe. American and Russian troops liberated the Czech republic. Ceremonial acts with the veterans take place.

4. Czech holidays 5th of July Saints Cyril and Methodius Day 5th of July - Saints Cyril and Methodius Day - to remember Cyril and Methodius, two Byzantine Greek brothers who came to Great Moravia in 863 to spread Christianity. They influenced the cultural life and development. The Czechs enjoy a day off at the beginning of the summer. 6th of July - Jan Hus Day 6th of July - Jan Hus Day - in 1415, religious reformer Jan Hus was burned in Kostnice. He was a priest and reformer who blamed Catholic representatives for unholy behaviour. People enjoy another day off.

5. Czech holidays 28th of September - St. Wenceslas Day, the Day of Czech Statehood 28th of September - St. Wenceslas Day, the Day of Czech Statehood - the whole nation remembers the main patron saint of the Czech state. He is the first Czech ruler to suffer a martyr’s death. 28th o October - Independent Czechoslovak State Day 28th o October - Independent Czechoslovak State Day - On this day the Czechoslovak state declared independence at the end of the WW I in 1918. Until that time Czech and Slovak countries had been part of the Austro ‑ Hungarian Empire. The president gives honours to people. 17th of November - Day of the Fight for Freedom and Democracy This day commemorates the struggle and fight for freedom. 17th of November - Day of the Fight for Freedom and Democracy - very important day from our history. In 1939, Czech students demonstrated against the Nazi occupation and the demonstration was brutally declined. In reaction, Czech universities were closed by the Nazis on November 17. In 1989 the Velvet Revolution started as a student demonstration against the communist regime. This day commemorates the struggle and fight for freedom.

6. Czech holidays

7. English holidays bank holidays Official days off = bank holidays. The banks close for a day, and so do most businesses and services (New Year´s Day, May Day etc.) 5th of Nov – Bonfire Night/Guy Fawkes Night 5th of Nov – Bonfire Night/Guy Fawkes Night - this marks the anniversary of Guy Fawkes’ plot to blow up the House of Lords and assassinate King James I in 1605. Today, it is commemorated with spectacular displays of fireworks and bonfires. 11th of Nov - Remembrance Day poppy 11th of Nov - Remembrance Day - memorial day to honour veterans. The symbol is a poppy, and each year the Royal British Legion charity sells paper poppies to raise funds for veterans and their families. It is customary to observe a two- minute silence at 11am.

8. English holidays Also Mother’s Day and Father’s Day, April Fools Day, Halloween etc. are celebrated Remembrance Day Guy Fawkes Night G.Fawkes mask

9. Irish holiday 17th of March – St Patrick´s Day 17th of March – St Patrick´s Day - The Feast of St Patrick is a national holiday in Ireland, and is now celebrated by Irish communities all around the world. It is the death date of the patron saint of Ireland. It involves public parades, wearing green colour, shamrock and leprechaun decorations etc. In DublinIn Canada

10. American holidays Mother´s and Father´s Day, Remembrance Day, April Fool´s Day are celebrated. Holidays celebrated by different religions and nationalities (Christians, Asians, Jews, etc.), some holidays are federal. 4th of July – Independence Day commemorating 1776 4th of July – Independence Day - known as the Fourth of July, it is a federal holiday commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. This day is associated with fireworks, parades, barbecues, fairs, picnics, family reunions, and political speeches and ceremonies.

11. American holidays 31th of Oct – Halloween 31th of Oct – Halloween - also known as All Hallows' Eve or All Saints' Eve, dedicated to remembering the dead and saints (hallows). The roots are in Celtic harvest festival Samhain. US celebrations are different: trick-or-treating, costume parties, decorating, carving pumpkins into jack-o'-lanterns. In other parts of the world Christians attend church services and light candles on the graves of the dead

12. American holidays Thanksgiving Day day of giving thanks for the blessing of the harvest and of the preceding year Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday celebrated in the US and Canada as a day of giving thanks for the blessing of the harvest and of the preceding year. It is celebrated on the 4thThursday of November in the US and on the 2nd Monday of October in Canada. In 1621 there was a celebration at the Plymouth Plantation (US), where the Pilgrims (arrived on the Mayflower ship from England a year earlier) held a harvest feast after a successful growing season. Squanto, a Native American, taught the Pilgrims how to catch eel and grow corn and served as an interpreter for them. Turkey, mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce,corn and pumpkin pie Turkey, mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce,corn and pumpkin pie are traditionally served. Families gather, the unofficial start to the Christmas shopping season

13. American holidays Cornucopia of plenty Xmas shopping on Black Friday Dinner The first feast with Squanto

14. Christmas In Christian tradition it is a celebration of the birth of baby Jesus. Jesus was born the son of a poor carpenter Joseph and his wife Mary in a stable in Bethlehem. His arrival in this world was announced by a comet that appeared in the sky. There are many different traditions and customs in the Czech republic, the UK and the US.

15. Czech Christmas 5th of Dec – St Nicholas Eve 5th of Dec – St Nicholas Eve – St Nicholas, a devil and an angel visit children in families and evaluate their behaviour throughout the year 24th of Dec Christmas Eve fasting little baby Jesus 24th of Dec - Christmas Eve is the most important feast day of all the holidays. Christmas tree is decorated, some people keep fasting time (no meat).In the evening the family gathers together to have a traditional dinner (fish soup and carp with potato salad). After dinner children await the ringing of the bell that announces that little baby Jesus has come to visit them and left presents under the Christmas tree. People often go to a midnight mass. 25th and 26th of Dec – Christmas Day and St. Stephen’s Day 25th and 26th of Dec – Christmas Day and St. Stephen’s Day – family visits

16. British Christmas 25th of Dec – Christmas Day Father Christmas Crackers 25th of Dec – Christmas Day – before that day the children write wish list to the Father Christmas, then they throw the letter into fire. Children get up as early as possible to open their gifts under the decorated tree. Later that day a festive meal of roast turkey, goose or beef with roast potatoes, vegetables, gravy is served, followed with a dessert of plum pudding. Crackers are pulled at the Christmas dinner. The houses are decorated with candles, wreaths, ivy and mistletoe, angels. 26th of Dec – Boxing Day 26th of Dec – Boxing Day - is a bank holiday in the UK. It’s believed to have been named after the ‘Christmas box’ of money or gifts which employers used to give to servants and tradesmen.

17. American Christmas A mix of different national and religious traditions. 24th of Dec - Christmas Eve 24th of Dec - Christmas Eve – at night Santa Claus with reindeers visits the children bringing them their gifts. People hang stockings on the fireplace, decorate their houses and gardens with lights 25th of Dec – Christmas Day 25th of Dec – Christmas Day – people unwrap the presents, later there´s a dinner of roast turkey (or other poultry), beef, ham, or pork, stuffing, mashed potatoes and gravy, roasted root vegetables are common, pumpkin pie.

18. Christmas

19. Easter resurrection crucifiedGood Friday Easter Sunday Easter is the most important Christian holiday, celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ. Jesus was crucified on the cross on Good Friday and came back to life on Easter Sunday. The week before Easter is called Holy Week The date is moveable - the first Sunday after the full moon following the March equinox (= rovnodennost). It varies from 22 March to 25 April inclusive. Also spring celebrations, symbols are eggs, bunnies, flowers

20. Easter whip reward Czech traditions – On the morning of Easter Monday, boys and men whip girls and women on their bottoms with a willow stick to make sure they stay healthy for the rest of the year. As a reward girls treat them with hand- painted eggs. Typical are lamb-shape cakes, stuffings with fresh herbs etc. egg hunting cross buns In the UK and the US egg hunting is a popular tradition – children search eggs, chocolate bunnies hidden in the garden and parks. In the UK hot cross buns (sweet bread) are served.

21. Easter Egg hunting Cruxifiction Whipping Hot cross buns

22. Let´s speak! What national holidays do we celebrate in the Czech Republic? What are some of the public holidays in the US and UK? What is your favourite holiday and why? How do people celebrate Christmas? What customs do they keep? How do we celebrate Easter in our country?

23. Zdroje a odkazy Slide 6 - http://jdlavicka.rajce.idnes.cz/Oslavy_osvobozeni_Plzen_2013/#Veterani_04.jpg, http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/297794-soveti-byli-v-roce-1989-pripraveni-pomoci-ceskoslovenske- opozici.html,http://zpravy.idnes.cz/svaty-vaclav-seznamte-se-s-ceskym-patronem-f28- /domaci.aspx?c=A070925_152031_domaci_adb, http://www.divadelni-noviny.cz/time-out-petra-pavlovskeho-no- 53,http://jdlavicka.rajce.idnes.cz/Oslavy_osvobozeni_Plzen_2013/#Veterani_04.jpg http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/297794-soveti-byli-v-roce-1989-pripraveni-pomoci-ceskoslovenske- opozici.htmlhttp://zpravy.idnes.cz/svaty-vaclav-seznamte-se-s-ceskym-patronem-f28- /domaci.aspx?c=A070925_152031_domaci_adbhttp://www.divadelni-noviny.cz/time-out-petra-pavlovskeho-no- 53 Slide 8 – http://www.military-history.org/news/remembrance-day-2010.htm, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/3362168/Ten-Guy-Fawkes-celebrations.html, http://new-world-order- plan.org/tools/equipment/http://www.military-history.org/news/remembrance-day-2010.htm http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/3362168/Ten-Guy-Fawkes-celebrations.htmlhttp://new-world-order- plan.org/tools/equipment/ Slide 9 – http://blog.123inkcartridges.ca/2013/03/when-is-st-patricks-day-in-canada-and-what-do-we-do/, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-26616000,http://blog.123inkcartridges.ca/2013/03/when-is-st-patricks-day-in-canada-and-what-do-we-do/ http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-26616000 Slide 11 – http://www.ymcastlouis.org/carondelet-park-rec-complex/events/halloween-hullabaloo-2, http://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/blog/2011/10/27/top-streets-trick-or-treating-boston/http://www.ymcastlouis.org/carondelet-park-rec-complex/events/halloween-hullabaloo-2 http://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/blog/2011/10/27/top-streets-trick-or-treating-boston/ Slide 13 – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving_(United_States), http://erstarnews.com/2013/11/25/thanksgiving-day-dinner-will-be-served-2/, http://mix931fm.com/retailers- starting-black-friday-on-thanksgiving-day-good-or-bad-poll/, http://theconservativecitizen.com/2011/07/21/a- veritable-cornucopia-of-nonsense/,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving_(United_States) http://erstarnews.com/2013/11/25/thanksgiving-day-dinner-will-be-served-2/http://mix931fm.com/retailers- starting-black-friday-on-thanksgiving-day-good-or-bad-poll/http://theconservativecitizen.com/2011/07/21/a- veritable-cornucopia-of-nonsense/ Slide 18 - http://www.novinky.cz/vanoce/218413-vanoce-prumerneho-cecha-kapr-koledy-a-kosmetika-pod- stromkem.html, http://www.seafoodcruise.com/lights_safety.html, http://programove- centrum.orfea.cz/cs/detske-oslavy/mikulas-cert-andel/, http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/common/christmas-day,http://www.novinky.cz/vanoce/218413-vanoce-prumerneho-cecha-kapr-koledy-a-kosmetika-pod- stromkem.htmlhttp://www.seafoodcruise.com/lights_safety.htmlhttp://programove- centrum.orfea.cz/cs/detske-oslavy/mikulas-cert-andel/ http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/common/christmas-day Slide 21 –http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/hotcrossbuns_397, http://www.tyden.cz/fotogalerie/velikonocni- pondeli-u-nas-i-ve-svete_3700/?imgOffset=2#thumbs, http://zena-in.cz/clanek/velky-patek-ukrizovani-jezise- krista, http://northshoreviews.com/tag/egg-hunt/,http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/hotcrossbuns_397http://www.tyden.cz/fotogalerie/velikonocni- pondeli-u-nas-i-ve-svete_3700/?imgOffset=2#thumbshttp://zena-in.cz/clanek/velky-patek-ukrizovani-jezise- kristahttp://northshoreviews.com/tag/egg-hunt/ www.bridge-online.cz www.wikipedia.org Angličtina – maturitní témata – D. El-Hmoudová (nakl. P.Velanová Třebíč, 2009)