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COUNTRY REPORT OF PAKISTAN MARINE FISHERIES DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN Muhammad Miftah-ul-Haq (Technical Manager/ Assistant Microbiologist) Adil.

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2 COUNTRY REPORT OF PAKISTAN MARINE FISHERIES DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN Muhammad Miftah-ul-Haq (Technical Manager/ Assistant Microbiologist) Adil Shehzad (Deputy Technical Manager/ Senior Research Assistant)

3 INTRODUCTION OFFICIAL NAME: Islamic Repuplic of Pakistan is official name of Pakistan. The national identity of Pakistan today is that of an Islamic nation, it was created as such. However, because the territory that is now Pakistan has a history that goes back several thousand years, the area has a history that forms part of the present identity of Pakistan. 14 th august 1947 is independence day of Pakistan. OFFICIAL NAME: Islamic Repuplic of Pakistan is official name of Pakistan. The national identity of Pakistan today is that of an Islamic nation, it was created as such. However, because the territory that is now Pakistan has a history that goes back several thousand years, the area has a history that forms part of the present identity of Pakistan. 14 th august 1947 is independence day of Pakistan. CAPITAL & PROVINCES: Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan. Pakistan consists of several provinces, including Punjab, Sindh, North-West Frontier, Baluchistan, and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). CAPITAL & PROVINCES: Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan. Pakistan consists of several provinces, including Punjab, Sindh, North-West Frontier, Baluchistan, and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). LOCATION & GEOGRAPHY: Total area of Pakistan is 804000sq.km (311000 sq.mi).Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea between India on the east and Afghanistan on the west and China in the north (china is very closed friend of Pakistan). LOCATION & GEOGRAPHY: Total area of Pakistan is 804000sq.km (311000 sq.mi).Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea between India on the east and Afghanistan on the west and China in the north (china is very closed friend of Pakistan).

4 INTRODUCTION (Cont) INTRODUCTION (Cont) CLIMATE: Mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north. CLIMATE: Mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north. POPULATION & PEOPLE: Total population of Pakistan is 151000 000.. It is estimated that approximately 95 percent of the population are Muslim, but members of several minority religions live there, including some Hindus, Christians, Parsis, Sikhs, and Buddhists POPULATION & PEOPLE: Total population of Pakistan is 151000 000.. It is estimated that approximately 95 percent of the population are Muslim, but members of several minority religions live there, including some Hindus, Christians, Parsis, Sikhs, and Buddhists LINGUISTIC AFFILITION: The official language of Pakistan is Urdu, but most public officials, people, and others in Pakistan also speak English; English is referred to as the informal official language of Pakistan. LINGUISTIC AFFILITION: The official language of Pakistan is Urdu, but most public officials, people, and others in Pakistan also speak English; English is referred to as the informal official language of Pakistan. While Urdu and English are prevalent throughout Pakistan, a number of other languages are spoken in different valleys and areas.

5 INTRODUCTION (Cont) MAP OF PAKISTAN INTRODUCTION (Cont) MAP OF PAKISTAN

6 INTRODUCTION (Cont) INTRODUCTION (Cont) LITERACY: Pakistan literacy. Male literacy rate is 59.8% and female literacy rate is 30.6%. LITERACY: Pakistan literacy. Male literacy rate is 59.8% and female literacy rate is 30.6%. NATURAL RESOURCES & AGRICULTURE: Natural resources are Extensive natural gas reserves, limited Petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, Salt, limestone and agriculture products are Cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, Vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs. NATURAL RESOURCES & AGRICULTURE: Natural resources are Extensive natural gas reserves, limited Petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, Salt, limestone and agriculture products are Cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, Vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs. INDUSTRIES: The major industries of Pakistan are Textiles, food processing, Pharmaceuticals, construction materials, Paper products, fertilizer, Sea food. INDUSTRIES: The major industries of Pakistan are Textiles, food processing, Pharmaceuticals, construction materials, Paper products, fertilizer, Sea food. EXPOT & INPORT PARTNNERS : Export partners of Pakistan are USA 21.3%, UAE 9.8%, UK 7.1%, Germany 5.2%, Hong Kong 4.2%, Saudi Arabia 4.1%. EXPOT & INPORT PARTNNERS : Export partners of Pakistan are USA 21.3%, UAE 9.8%, UK 7.1%, Germany 5.2%, Hong Kong 4.2%, Saudi Arabia 4.1%. USAUAEUKGermanyHong KongSaudi Arabia USAUAEUKGermanyHong KongSaudi Arabia Import partners are China 10.8%, USA 10.2%, UAE 9.3%, Saudi Arabia 9%, Japan 7%, Kuwait 5.3%, Germany 4.2%. Import partners are China 10.8%, USA 10.2%, UAE 9.3%, Saudi Arabia 9%, Japan 7%, Kuwait 5.3%, Germany 4.2%.ChinaUSAUAESaudi ArabiaJapanKuwaitGermanyChinaUSAUAESaudi ArabiaJapanKuwaitGermany

7 HISTORY OF PAKISTAN FISHERIES INTRODUCTION Marine Fisheries Department is an attached department of ministry of agriculture & livestock food product, was established in 1951. Now the ministry is divide into two main ministries in 2009, one is the ministry of livestock & dairy development and second is the ministry of food & agriculture. Now Marine fisheries department is an attach with ministry of livestock's & dairy Development from 2009. It is the executive fishery agency of the Federal Government, with primary responsibilities for ensuring management and development of fishery resources in the interest of the nation. According to the constitution, the management of marine fisheries is a Federal responsibility only out side the limits of territorial waters (12 nautical miles). The ministry of livestock & dairy development is the federal agency responsible for fisheries the livestock wing has the direct supervision over fisheries matters within the Ministry’s jurisdiction. Most of the fishing ground exploited so far lie within the jurisdiction of provincial administration.

8 HISTORY OF PAKISTAN FISHERIES INTRODUCTION (cont.s) The marine fisheries industry of Pakistan started virtually from a scratch with single rundown fish trawler, no fish harbour and fish processing plant. A fish harbour was later constructed at Karachi in 1958. Subsequently the fishing fleet of the country grew considerably and has now become mechanized to a large extent. The total export of 2007-2008 is about 1,71,154 metric tons of which 10,400 metric tons is composed of shrimps. The total value of above exported product are approx 220 million US dollars. Fishery plays an important role in the national economy. The employment is decreased during 1998 to 2008 from 3,78,878 to 3,19,020.

9 HISTORY OF PAKISTAN FISHERIES INTRODUCTION (cont.) Pakistan has rich natural resources Inland Fisheries Inland Fisheries Marine Fisheries Marine Fisheries Aquaculture Aquaculture

10 THE ROLE OF MARINE FISHRIES DEPARTMENT IN PAKISTAN FISHRIES The marine fisheries ha contributed fairly significant towards the development of marine fisheries industry of Pakistan the major achivements of the departments are as under:  Construction of Karachi fisheries department  Establishment of fish processing plants in the vicinity of Karachi fish harbour. harbour.  Introduction of shrimp trawling and mechanization of fishing fleet.  Introduction of nylon twine and synthetic twine in fishing gear to improve the efficiency of fishing gear. improve the efficiency of fishing gear.  Introduction of bottom gillnetting as alternate fishing for shrimp trawler to reduce the fishing pressure over shrimp resources. trawler to reduce the fishing pressure over shrimp resources.

11 THE ROLE OF MARINE FISHRIES DEPARTMENT IN PAKISTAN FISHRIES (Cont)  Conducted a number of exploratory fishing surveys with various international agencies, to identify the stock of commercially important fish species, together with their breeding seasons and fishing grounds etc.  Conducted the stock assessment surveys of demersal fish resources during the period of 1983-88 and survey designs were documented for the first time.  Conducted the stock assessment study of shrimp resources during the period 1983-85using catch and effort data. For this purpose survey sampling scheme was designed. This programm was continued and updated information has been documented in the form of research paper, which were presented in international and national seminars.  Conducted seminars,, workshops and conperences to disseminate the information obtained from the research under taken by researchers of the department.

12 THE ROLE OF MARINE FISHRIES DEPARTMENT IN PAKISTAN FISHRIES (Cont) Following seminars / workshops were conducted: Following seminars / workshops were conducted: “strategic planning for fisheries and aqaculture for the new millennium” on 28 th may, 2001. In collaboration with FAO.“strategic planning for fisheries and aqaculture for the new millennium” on 28 th may, 2001. In collaboration with FAO. “Shrimp farming & export related quality testing of seafood” on 29 th august, 2002. In collaboration with Merck marker (Pvt) Ltd. “Shrimp farming & export related quality testing of seafood” on 29 th august, 2002. In collaboration with Merck marker (Pvt) Ltd. Workshop on “WTO’S agreement on agriculcutre & its implication” on 24 th December, 2002.Workshop on “WTO’S agreement on agriculcutre & its implication” on 24 th December, 2002. Workshop on “Fisheries management issues in SAARC countries for subatainable development in the new millinium” held on 25 -26 March, 2003 at Karachi.Workshop on “Fisheries management issues in SAARC countries for subatainable development in the new millinium” held on 25 -26 March, 2003 at Karachi. “FAO Stakeholders Workshop” HELD ON 24 TH March 2003 at Karachi.“FAO Stakeholders Workshop” HELD ON 24 TH March 2003 at Karachi.

13 Fisheries Training Center To educate the fishermen. To educate the fishermen. Navigation training. Navigation training. Deck hand training. Deck hand training. Teach how to make the different type of gear. Teach how to make the different type of gear. How to take and maintain the quality control parameter. How to take and maintain the quality control parameter. Introduce the new technology. Introduce the new technology. Internship courses for different institute. Internship courses for different institute. Different types of research project. Different types of research project.

14 RESOURCE SURVEYS Name of vessel SurveyYears Ala (Pakistan) Exploratory fishing 1948 Machhera & new Hope (Pak) Exploratory Work 1952 Nauka & Minslital (Rusian) Hydrography & marine fisheries resirces NIRO (expedition) 1969 Dr. Fridtjof Nansen (Norway) Exploratory survey programme (FAO Assisted) 1975/76 Dr. Fridtjof Nansen (Norway) Survey for stock assessment (+FAO/NORAD Assisted) 1977

15 RESOURCE SURVEYS(Cont) Name of vessel SurveyYears Shoyo maru (Japan) Exploratory fisheries survey 1975 Thalassa (France) Fisheries,Oceanography data 1977 Machhera & Tehkik (Pak) Stock assesment survey 1983/85

16 FISHRIES RESOURCS, PRODUCTION AND POTENTIAL (Quantity in m.tones) ResourcesBiomass(m t) MSY(mt)Production (mt) in 2001 Incremental potential (mt) Demersal500,000307,000283,44423,556 Small pelagic 700,000300,00083,005216,995 Large pelagic ** N.A60,00034,055- Mesoplagic * 10,000,0005,000,000Nil5,000,000 Shrimp ** 88,00035,00025,692- Lobster ** 8,0002,0001,077- Crabs25,00010,0005,1094,891 Cephalopods30,00015,0009,2804,792 * Not Exploited ** Over Exploited

17 FISH PRODUCTION There are about 19,000 fishing boats in coastal area of Pakistan, which operate in shallow coastal water s as well as in offshore areas. These fishing boats undertake fishing trips lasting for few type of fishing. Major fishing activity is shrimping which is done through trawling and bottom set gillnetting (locally known as “thukri”) in which about 1,000 artisanal gillnetter are engaged.

18 FISH PRODUCTION (Cont) AREA20042005200620072008 SIDH259,441221,709216,362205,327223,034 BALOCHIS TAN 124,755112,642128,421137,096121,443 E.E.Z2,4575,4764,638133207 INLAND165,493176,335174,535181,651185,327 TOTAL386,653339,827349,421342,556344,684 GROWTH RATE (-7.35)(-8.23)(-22.48)(-21.20)(+28.65)

19 FISH PRODUCTION (Cont) Gillneting which is also main fishing gears being use in freshwater fisheries, is also commonly practiced in shallow and offshore coastal water. Modified purse seining (locally known as “katra” which is more close to surrounding nets) is being used for catching sardinellas and other small pelagics. Line gears (land line and long lines) are used for catching demersal fishes in addition to 400,500 m. tons of marine

20 PROCESSING UNITS OF PAKISTAN In Pakistan fish and shrimp are processed in from of chilled, cured and canned products. In addition fishmeal is also product from small pelagic by catch and offal of other fisheries. There are 36 fish processing plants in Pakistan with the capacity to process 253.75 metric tons of fish and shrimp daily. Out of these, 27 plants are involved in production of frozen products, 1 in canning and 8 for fishmeal processing. The processing units are 40 years old. Most of these units are either not in operation on in worst condition and the products produces in these units were not in accordance with the requirements of the importing countries particularly European union countries. Since European union countries are major importer of seafood products from Pakistan, therefore according to regulations of the European commission, the exporting countries must comply with their standers.

21 PROCESSING UNITS OF PAKISTAN (Cont) An inspection mission of European commission visit Pakistan in December 1997, January 2005 and January 2007 to evaluate conditions of seafood products and processing and pointed out certain shortcoming especially in hygienic condition in Karachi fish Harbour and in processing establishments. Federal Government had provided intelligentsia and technical assistance to seafood establishment for improving their processing condition in line establishment for improving their processing condition in line with various EU directive. So far, 20 establishments have improved their condition and were allowed to export seafood to European Union Countries. As a result of above highlighted efforts, Now Pakistan is unclouded in those counties that possess harmonized system of quality control of fish and fishery products.

22 QUALITY CONTROL SERVICES OF MARINE FISHERIES DEPARTMENT After meeting the criteria prescribed under quality control Act/Rules, the firm/establishment is registered on payment of prescribed fee. After meeting the criteria prescribed under quality control Act/Rules, the firm/establishment is registered on payment of prescribed fee. Pre shipment inspection is being carried out of the seafood consignments intended for export and certificate of quality and origin is siuued on payment of prescribed fee. Pre shipment inspection is being carried out of the seafood consignments intended for export and certificate of quality and origin is siuued on payment of prescribed fee. Quality control services are provided for seafood intended for export and domestic consumption on payment of prescribed fee. Quality control services are provided for seafood intended for export and domestic consumption on payment of prescribed fee. Enacted Act and Rules for regulation of quality control of fish and fishery products. Enacted Act and Rules for regulation of quality control of fish and fishery products. A provision has been made under the quality Control Act/Rules that 50% of the amount so earned through these quality control services should be utilized for the up-gradation of quality control laboratories. A provision has been made under the quality Control Act/Rules that 50% of the amount so earned through these quality control services should be utilized for the up-gradation of quality control laboratories.

23 EXPORT OF FISH AND FISHY PRODUCTS Fish a and fishery products are processed and exported to 61 countries to the world.About 52% of the fish and fishery products are export to European Union Countries. Japan, U.S.A, China, Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Singapore are other major importing countries major fraction of seafood is exported in frozen fro whereas dried, chilled, fresh fish and live crab are also exported.

24 EXPORT OF FISH AND FISHRY RODUCTS (cont) YEAR2003-2004 2004- 2005 2005- 2006 2006- 2007 2007- 2008 Quantity (m.Tons) 149,005149,215172,543169,842171,154 Value (million US $) 199199254235220

25 FISHRY DEVELOPMENTAL PROJECTS Monitoring Of Deep Sea Vessel Through Establishment Of 03 GPS Base Station And Deputation Of Marine Fisheries Department Representative On Each Vessel. Monitoring Of Deep Sea Vessel Through Establishment Of 03 GPS Base Station And Deputation Of Marine Fisheries Department Representative On Each Vessel. Strengthening of Quality Control Laboratories. Strengthening of Quality Control Laboratories. Acquisition of a fisheries Research and training vessel for Marine Fisheries Department. Acquisition of a fisheries Research and training vessel for Marine Fisheries Department. Additional Improvement In Marine Fisheries Department Labs In view of WTO requirement. Additional Improvement In Marine Fisheries Department Labs In view of WTO requirement.

26 AQUACULTURE STATUS IN PAKISTAN Aquaculture in Pakistan is a recent development and in many parts of the country the management of the sector is still poor with culture practices varying across the different provinces. Two Asian Development Bank (ADB) assisted projects have assisted in strengthening the institutional structure, with infrastructure development such as the development of hatcheries and juvenile production, model farms, transfer of technology, human resource development as well as the strengthening of extension services. Aquaculture has also received a substantial amount of government investment over the past decades and facilities are now in place that can provide the basis for a major future expansion in aquaculture production.

27 AQUACULTURE STATUS IN PAKISTAN According to the latest estimates, the total area covered by fish ponds across all provinces is about 60 470 ha, with Sindh having 49 170 ha, Punjab 10 500 ha, NWFP 560 ha and the other provinces (Balochistan, Azad Jammun Kashmir [AJK] and Northern Area [NA]) 240 ha.1.2Human resources: About 13 000 fish farms have so far been established across Pakistan, the size of these farms varies considerably, however, the average farm size ranges form 5-10 ha. No direct data on the number of fish farmers employed in this sector is available as fish farming in most parts of the country is carried out as an integral part of crop farming. According to a best estimates, about 50 000 people are either directly or indirectly employed in the sector

28 AQUACULTURE STATUS IN PAKISTAN Cultured Species Cultured Species In the past, most fish farmers stocked their ponds only with indigenous species such as catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio). More recently, two fast growing species, the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), have been introduced for culture under modern polyculture systems to increase the fish yield per unit area. These two species have good economic values; have gained a reputation and became popular amongst the producers as well as consumers. Two species of trout namely brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are cultured in NWFP, AJK and NA. Catla catlaLabeo rohitaCirrhinus mrigalaCyprinus carpioCtenopharyngodon idellusHypophthalmichthys molitrixOncorhynchus mykissCatla catlaLabeo rohitaCirrhinus mrigalaCyprinus carpioCtenopharyngodon idellusHypophthalmichthys molitrixOncorhynchus mykiss

29 AQUACULTURE STATUS IN PAKISTAN Promotion and management of the sector oThe institutional framework. oThe governing regulations. oApplied research, education and training.

30 Norway

31 Pakistan and Norway

32 Collaboration between the Norwegian and Pakistan Government Stock Assesment Survey training in 2008 at Bergen. Stock Assesment Survey training in 2008 at Bergen. Second Stock Assesment Survey training in 2009 at Thromso. Second Stock Assesment Survey training in 2009 at Thromso. Quality of Marine Food production in 2010 at Lofoten. Quality of Marine Food production in 2010 at Lofoten. Laboratory (Chemical) training work in 2010 at Thromso, (Near Future) Laboratory (Chemical) training work in 2010 at Thromso, (Near Future)

33 Technical Guidance To get technical guidance from Norwegian experts. To get technical guidance from Norwegian experts. To transfer/share the technical views. To transfer/share the technical views. Get training how to sustain the valuable products. Get training how to sustain the valuable products. How to preserve our stock. How to preserve our stock. Increase the stock by Aqua culture. Increase the stock by Aqua culture. Educate/train the fishermen. Educate/train the fishermen.

34 Value added products Stock Fish processing. Stock Fish processing. Wet Salted fishes. Wet Salted fishes. Fillet processing by automatic system. Fillet processing by automatic system. Cod liver oil production. Cod liver oil production.

35 Visit at different places To see the air dry processing plant at vest-lofoten. To see the air dry processing plant at vest-lofoten. To see the production and purification of cod liver utilization. To see the production and purification of cod liver utilization. To see the hatchery complex of salmon fish at east- lofoten. To see the hatchery complex of salmon fish at east- lofoten. Meet people of the community center. Meet people of the community center. To see the filliting method at Aker seafood. To see the filliting method at Aker seafood. Harbour visit to see the landing of fish from boat, cutting and grading. Harbour visit to see the landing of fish from boat, cutting and grading. To see the implementation of Norges rafisklag. To see the implementation of Norges rafisklag. Site seeing at different places and Historical places. Site seeing at different places and Historical places.

36 Practical work At safety center how to rescue at sea/land. At safety center how to rescue at sea/land. Handle the fish, cutting, preservation and packing. Handle the fish, cutting, preservation and packing. Made the fish cake, smoked fish and salted smoke fish. Made the fish cake, smoked fish and salted smoke fish. Cleaning procedure of processing plant and checking the hygienic condition of plant by Microbiological technique. Cleaning procedure of processing plant and checking the hygienic condition of plant by Microbiological technique. Trip at sea to look how danish sene net working, fish gutting and filling. Trip at sea to look how danish sene net working, fish gutting and filling.

37 Achievement Quality control implementation. Quality control implementation. To save our reserviour. To save our reserviour. Preservation of fish. Preservation of fish. Making value added product. Making value added product. Starting of aqua culture. Starting of aqua culture. Establish of hatchery complex. Establish of hatchery complex. Train the people to adop technology. Train the people to adop technology. Searching the new market. Searching the new market.

38 Thanks to Respected Teachers and OPUS Staff Søren Fredrik Voie (Headmaster) Knut Nikolaisen (Head of Department)

39 Thanks to Respected Teachers and OPUS Staff (Cont) Karl Krisktoffer Angelsen Bjørn Anton Stensen Tore Hansen Per Bilx Espen Søreng Finn Pettersein Harald Johansen

40 Thanks to Respected Teachers and OPUS Staff (Cont)

41 Hospitality


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