Adapted by Angela Carrington from a PowerPoint by AHS Librarians Mrs. Abdul and Mrs. Greenaway-Chandler September 2009

Why do I have to use different citation styles? How do I know when to cite ?

CITE DO NOT CITE  Author’s idea  Author’s thought  Author’s opinion  Author’s research  Quotations  Summary of someone’s work / research  Other people’s pictures, illustrations, etc.  Common knowledge  Your idea  Your thoughts  Your opinion  Your artwork/pictures When to cite

In-text citation (within your report) Show the reader of the report which parts are not your own words. A brief way to show where you took the information from ----the reader can get the full information later on the Works Cited page. Works Cited (separate page at end of report) A list of all of the resources that were cited in the report

Single Author Personal Communication No Author Webpage

In-text citation of a single-author book ( In the research report itself) Leroy predicted in 1998 that eBay would become the most lucrative Internet business, surpassing most businesses even during tough economic times (45). Or, Founded in 1995 by Pierre Omidyar, Jeff Skoll and Meg Whitman, eBay has become the most lucrative Internet business (Leroy 45). In your works cited page (separate page at the end of the research report) Leroy, Jonathan G. eBay: Stunning Success. New York: Dover Publishing, 2001.

In-text Citation of Personal Communication (not )  Personal communications may include personal or telephone interviews, letters, memos, chat or other types of discussion formats. Provide as exact a date as is possible. Personal communication references in text should provide the last name of the person interviewed.  She confirmed that she will be stepping down from her position at Habitat for Humanity (Thompson). In your works cited page Thompson, Emily. Personal interview. 5 Feb

In-text Citation of  Just like the personal communication references, provide the last name of the person with whom you ed.  The public relations director of Invisible Children states, “Our organization is expanding its scope from Uganda to Kenya.” (Hernandez). In your works cited page Last name, First name. “Subject line of the message.” Message to Recipient’s Name. Date of message. . Hernandez, Carlos. “Invisible Children Questions.” Message to Poindexter Jones. 25 Mar

No Author associated with the magazine article The American Academy of Dermatology suggests using a sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays and has an SPF of at least 15 (“Shining the Light on Sunscreen” 21). The higher the number, the more your skin will be protected. In your works cited page “Shining the Light on Sunscreen.” A Brighter Society. 5 Dec. 1998:21. MLA In-text citation TIP: When the author is unknown, use the title of the book, article or organization. If the title is long, you can always shorten it.

In-text Citation of an Entire Website (not just a webpage) If an entire website is being acknowledged, incorporate the author's name or the title into your sentence instead of using a parenthetical: "In the Huffington Post..." or "According to the NEA’s website, “the teacher shortage in the United States is at an all-time high.”...". Remember to use n.p. if no publisher name is available and n.d. if no publishing date is given. Follow this format: Editor or author name (if available). Name of Site. Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site, publisher, date of resource creation (if available). Medium of publication. Date of access. In your works cited page National Education Association. National Education Association. NEA, Web. 16 June Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov Web. 10 May MLA In-text citation

Citing a page from the website Chili recipes often contain meat. However, there are some vegetarian- friendly alternatives. For example, a creative cook might use tofurkey as a meat substitute (“How to Make Vegetarian Chili”). In your works cited page For an individual page on a Web site, list the author (if named), followed by the title of the web page. Then Name of Site. Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site, publisher, date of resource creation (if available). Medium of publication. Date of access.. Remember to use n.p. if no publisher name is available and n.d. if no publishing date is given. "How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow.com. eHow, n.d. Web. 24 Feb TIP: If no author name is listed, then use the title of the webpage in quotes. MLA In-text citation

 In your paragraph, try to introduce your author, the work, or the date it was written According to Thompson’s article, In the article “The Right Way To Do Laundry,” Published in 2007, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows was hands-down the best book of the 21 st century.  In-text citations allow you to find more information on the works cited page easily In parentheses, type the author’s last name and page numbers. Do not use “pp.” or “p.” or “pgs.” abbreviations. If there’s no author, then use the article’s title.

Try these tutorials:  MLA Citation Game MLA Citation Game  Test your MLA IQ Test your MLA IQ  In-text Citation - When to cite In-text Citation - When to cite  In-text Citations Exercises In-text Citations Exercises  You Quote it, You note it! – A plagiarism exercise You Quote it, You note it! – A plagiarism exercise

 Citations should be in alphabetical order, by last name of author.  If there’s no author, then use the article’s title.  Italicize the title of books and magazines instead of underlining them.  Citations should be double spaced. The second line and subsequent lines should be indented 5 spaces (use the “tab” key).  The Works Cited page should be included in the overall page numbering of the report. Tips for the Works Cited Page

 Knightcite  Citation Machine Citation Machine  BibMe  (If you use EasyBib, be aware that it may be wrong. It might list publisher, then website) ml

Cite a Source: How and Why You Should Do It. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 16 July YouTube. 9 Dec Delaney, Robert. "MLA Citation Style." Long Island University B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Library. 15 November Long Island University. 13 Dec "Global Warming Economics." Science 9 Nov. 2001: Science Online. Web. 24 May Harvey, Michael. "The Nuts and Bolts of College Writing." Nuts and Bolts of College Writing Washington College. 13 Dec "MLA Citation Examples." Honolulu Community College Library. 20 September Honolulu Community College Library. 13 Dec Starr, Karen. "Helpful Strategies: Scenarios." University at Albany University at Albany. 13 Dec 2008 The Purdue OWL. Purdue U Writing Lab, Web. 15 Oct "What is MLA Style?." Modern Language Association. 29 April Washington College. 12 Dec Works Cited