Grammar Review ● The Passive Voice ● The Object Clause By Jiang WeiXing April 28 \2007

●Rewrite the sentences using the Passive Voice:  1 We plant trees here every spring.  2 We planted trees here last spring.  3 We will plant trees here next spring.  4 We should plant trees every year. ⑴ Trees are planted here every spring. ⑵ Trees are planted here by us every spring ⑴ Trees were planted here last spring. ⑵ Trees were planted here by us last spring. ⑴ Trees will be planted here next spring. ⑵ Trees will be planted here by us next spring. ⑴ Trees should be planted every year. ⑵ Trees should be planted by us every year.

Regular rules Passive Voice: 1 Present passive : ( 一般现在时 ) “ be ｛ is\am\are ｝﹢ p.p.” 2 Past passive: ( 一般过去时 ) “ be ｛ was\were ｝﹢ p.p.” 3 Future passive: ( 一般将来时 ) “ will ﹢ be ﹢ p.p.” 4 Model Verb passive: ( 含情态动词 ) “can\must\should ﹢ be ﹢ p.p.”

Rewrite the following sentences using the Object Clause: 1 They took the wounded soldier to the field hospital.(95 年 ) →The wounded soldier to the field hospital. 2 We can store a lot of information in the computer.(96 年 ) →A lot of information in the computer. 3 Where did they grow vegetables?(00 年 ) → Where vegetables ? 4 We must keep the noise under 50 dbs( 分贝 )here.(02 年 ) → The noise must under dbs here. 5 We punish our school newspaper twice a month.(05 年 ) → Our school newspaper twice a month.

Exercises:Change these sentences into the Passive Voice: (A)  1 We use fire to cook food.  2 They built the East Sea Bridge last year.  3 We will have our school sports meeting next week.  4 We should keep our environment clean and green. → Fire is used to cook food (by us). → The East Sea Bridge was built last year. → Our school sports meeting will be had next week. →Our environment should be kept clean and green.

(B)  1 Many countries make laws to fight pollution.  2 The teacher gave the girl some advice.  3 They will widen the street in three months.  4 We must obey our school rules. →Laws are made to fight pollution by many country. (1)The girl was given some advice by the teacher. (2)Some advice was given to the girl by the teacher. → The street will be widened in three months. → Our school rules must be obeyed.

(C)  1 She speaks English very well.  2 We spend a lot of money on books every month.  3 We call him Happy.  4 Luxun wrote this book forty years ago.  5 We made some Christmas cards for our teachers.  6 Mr Smith told us some customs of England.  7 The boy will spend more time in reading English.  8 The old man will send some books to our school library.  9 We must wash our hands before meals.  10 The girl can do a lot of housework now.

The Object Clause  Combine these sentences with the Object Clause: 1 ‘I usually win in arguments.’ →She says that she usually wins in arguments. 2 ‘My parents want me to be in dependent.’ → Tom says( that) his parents want him to be independent. 3 We are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow. →I hear we are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow. 4 Are the teachers having a meeting ? →Please tell me if\whether the teachers are having a meeting. 5 Will Tony enter for the high jump? → Can you tell me if\whether Tony will enter for the high jump ? 6 Where did Peter go last Sunday ? → I didn’t know where Peter went last Sunday. 7 How many stamps have you collected since last year ? →My teacher asked me how many stamps I had collected since last year. 8 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. → I was told that the sun rises in the east and sets in the east. ﹏

The Object Clause: 主句引导词从句 标 点 that whether / if wh-/how 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 现在或一般将来时态原本所需要的时态 过 去 时 态相 应 地 退 一 级相 应 地 退 一 级 语 序陈述句语序 标点随主句 引导词 时 态 人 称 ( 如 : I → she\he, we→they, you→I\we, yours→mine\ours 等 )

The Object Clause: 时 态： 主 句 从 句 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 一般过去时 → 过去完成时 （有表示过去具体时间状语的不变） 注意： （ 1 ）从句表示的是一般真理，则仍用现在时态。 （ 2 ）其它时态（如：过去进行时、过去将来时、 过去完成时）不变。 (3) What’s the matter with you?/What’s wrong with you? 不变语序。

三、 宾语从句中考题演练 ( ) 1.Miss Li wants to know _______ next week. （ 99 ） A. when my uncle leaves B. when will my uncle leave C. where my uncle will stay D. Where does my uncle stay ( ) 2. He asked me ______ during the winter holidays. （ 00 ） A. where I had gone B. where I had been C. where had I gone D. where had I been ( )3. Will you please tell me ____________? （ 01 年中考题） A.. where Pudong Airport is B. how far Pudong Airport was C. how can we get to Pudong Airport D. when was Pudong Airport built ( ) 4.I’d like to know _________________.(02 年中考题 ) A.when will he give back the tape. B. whether has he received higher education. C. that he has been busy D. Whether she will join in our English Evening

( )5. Professor Nelson wanted to know ______.(05) A. when would the conference begin B. When the conference would begin C. when will the conference begin D. when the conference will begin ( )6. Our class teacher asked the monitor _____.(06) A. why didn’t Bill come to school B. why doesn’t Bill come to school C. why Bill didn’t come to school D. why Bill doesn’t come to school 7. The boy asked his mother, “ Does water freeze at 0 ℃ ?”(03) The boy asked his mother _____ water ______ at 0 ℃. 8. Jack’s mother asked him, “ Have you packed your thins?” (04) Jack’s mother asked him _____ he _____ packed his things.

Assignment:  Finish the grammar review exercises about the Passive Voice and the Object Clause.