1. Grammar Past perfect tense Suchen Middle School 中考时态复习

2. the Past Perfect tense Structure ( 结构 ): had+pp ( 动词的过去分词 ) pp 规则的 : 不规则的 : clean— believe— study— stop— cleaned believed studied stopped cut— buy— do— come— cut bought done come

3. Complete the table using the past perfect tense. Verb Past perfect tense Verb Past perfect tense act help be open begin see bring sing had acted had been had begun had brought had helped had opened had seen had sung

4. 过去完成时的概念 : She had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry. She had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作， 即 “ 过去的过去（ the past past ） ” 。 —————— ∣ ————— ∣ —————→ ∣ ——→ now future pastthe past past ( before the past)

5. Connect two sentences with “before” 、 “when” 、 “after” 1. I finished my homework at 8:00 this morning. I went to the museum at 8:30 this morning. 2.Millie went home at 6:00P.m this afternoon. Millie’s mother cooked at 5:00P.m this afternoon. 3.Daniel taught in a middle school between 1990 to 1997. Daniel joined the army in 1998. I had finished my homework before I went to the museum this morning. I had finished my homework when I went to the museum this morning. I went to the museum after I had finished my homework this morning. Millie’s mother had cooked before she went home this afternoon. Millie’s mother had cooked when she went home this afternoon. Millie went home after her mother had cooked this afternoon. Daniel had taught in a middle school for 7 years before he joined the army. Daniel had taught in a middle school for 7 years when he joined the army. Daniel joined the army after he had taught in a middle school for 7 years.

6. Work out the rule: If we want to talk about two past actions in a sentence, the past perfect tense is used for the (earlier, later) action. earlier

7. Exercises 1.The train ____________(leave) before I got to the railway station. 2.We had breakfast after we __________(do) morning exercise. 3.Miss Yang ____________(be) a typist before she moved to Shenzhen. 4.When we reached the cinema, the film ________________(begin). 5. We ___________(learn) two units by last month. 6.They __________(be)to the USA ten times by the end of September. 7.She ___________(finish) her homework before nine o’clock last night. had left had done had been had begun had finished had learned had been 与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。 （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。 （ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。 如： by 1990,by yesterday evening,by then 如： by the end of last term 如： before 9:00a.m

8. ---She had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar. ---Had she been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar? ---Yes,she had. ---Had she been a dancer before she became a Hollywood superstar? ---No,she hadn’t. ---She hadn’t been a dance before she became a Hollywood superstar. 1. 肯定句 : 主语 + 助动词 had + 过去分词（ v-ed ） + 其他。其中 had 通用于各种人称。 2. 否定句：主语 +hadn’t （ had not ） +v-ed + 其他 3. 一般疑问句： Had + 主语 +v-ed+ 其他？ 4. 特殊疑问句 : 特殊疑问词 +had+ 主语 + v-ed ？ What had she been before she became a Hollywood superstar? 构成：

9. Exercises 一： 句型转换： 1.The party had begun when he arrived.( 改为一般疑问句） _________________________________________ 2.I had finished the competition by 8:00yesterday.( 对划线部分提问） __________________________the competition? 3. They had worked for 10 years by the end of last year.( 改为否定句） ———————————————————————————— 。 4.Had you reached the top of the hill before midnight?( 否定回答） —————————————————————————— Had the party begun when he arrived? When had you finished They hadn’t worked for 10 years by the end of last year. No,we hadn’t

10. 用所给动词的适当形式填空： 1. How many English words _____ you ________ (learn) by the end of last term? 2. I _____ (read) the book twice till yesterday. 3. He ___________(learn) English before he came here. 4. When I got to the station, the train ___________ (leave). 5. By the time he was fourteen he ________ (set) up a small chemistry lab for his son. 6. After I ______________(finish) doing my homework, I went to sleep. 7. They ______________(not read) three books by then. 8. Why didn’t you see the film yesterday? Because I __________ (see) it. 10. I received a letter from my friend. We ___________(not hear) from each other since 1987. 11._____ he _____ (know) anything before you told him it? 12. We ____________ ( learn ) 2000 English words since we came to this school. We___________(learn)2000 words by last week since we came to this school. We ____________ ( learn ) 500 words last term. 13.He _____________( end ) his project by next week. He______________(end) his project by last week. 14. A: ____he still ______( do ) his homework when you _____ ( get ) home yesterday? B: No, he ________ already ________ ( do ) it when I got home. Exercises 二： Exercises 二： had learned had read had learned had left had set had finished hadn’t read had seen hadn’t heard Had known have learned had learned learned will end had ended Was doinggot had done

11. Passive voice of Past Perfect Tense had been done 1.All the books had been sold out last week. 2.The meeting had been finished when they came yesterday. 3.The thief had been handed over to the police yesterday.