Group #9 Ch.18: Sexually Explicit Materials, Prostitution, and Sex Laws

Sexually Explicit Material in Contemporary America - -Sex sells! -the sex industry is a multi-billion dollar enterprise with millions of consumers and customers -Pornorgaphy vs. Erotica -Pornography: is generally evaluated negatively (“porne” - Greek word for “prostitue”) -Erotica: is generally evaluated positively (“erotica” - Greek word for “a love poem”) -Sexually explicit material (SEM): photographs, videos, films, magazines, books, etc., whose primary themes, topics or depictions involve sexuality

Question! Why are people interested in sexually explicit material?

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Sexually Explicit Material in Contemporary America - -Popular Culture -Technology’s influences -Soft-core has become an integral part of popular society (i.e. Playboy, Penthouse, and Hustler) -Both men and women are consumers of sexually explicit material -The Internet -Searching for SEM is most commonly done online -Content and Themes: target male audiences, stereotypes of both men and women’s sexuality, physical beauty standards, little focus on emotional intimacy, etc.

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Sexually Explicit Material in Contemporary America - -Censorship, Sexually Explicit Material, and the Law - Censorship: the suppression of words, ideas, or images that are deemed offensive -Obscenity Laws: prohibits obscene materials that tend to corrupt or deprave its user (corrupts one’s morals); frequently debated in court -Child Protection: A series of laws designed to shield children from being featured in adult material. Child Online Protection Act (COPA) is a movement designed to keep adult internet material away from anyone under the age of 18. The act has been repeatedly blocked by the Supreme Court.

Question! True or False? People who read or view sexually explicit material usually recognize it as fantasy.

Prostitution - -The exchange of sexual behaviors such as intercourse, fellatio, anal intercourse, discipline and bondage, and obscene insults, for money and goods Female Entrance into Prostitution: -The two main reasons many women work as prostitutes -Victims of physical and sexual abuse flee home and become involved in street culture and activities -Young girls are introduced to prostitution by pimps; prostitutes are promised money, protection, and companionship

Female Prostitutes - Sex as Work -Many prostitutes identify as “sex workers” -Prostitutes usually do not enjoy sex with their clients -They try to avoid emotional intimacy by drawing boundaries -Sex is only a physical expression they are paid for

Forms of Female Prostitution - -Streetwalkers -Usually the first type of prostitution -Common way to advertise is by dressing provocatively, and most common sexual activity is fellatio -Many streetwalkers use prostitution to survive -Contact clients by public solicitation -Most dangerous type of prostitution -Brothels -Also known as “prostitution houses” or “whorehouse”. -Higher status than streetwalkers they have protection from violence -Regular STI exams are required

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Male Prostitution - -Males Working in Prostitution -Street hustlers: the male equivalent to streetwalkers -Call boys, rent boys, masseurs, and working in gay bars -Common backgrounds of male prostitutes -Gigolo phenomenon: women, like men, will pay for sex -Kept Boys: financially supported for sexual services by an older “sugar daddy” -“chickens” // “chickenhawks” -Common types of sexual behaviors of male prostitutes: fellatio & anal sex -Men are generally introduced into prostitution through their peers -Peer delinquent subculture: antisocial street subculture; male and female prostitution, drug dealing, panhandling, theft, and violence -Prostitutes are subject to arrest for various activities

Male Prostitution - -Prostitution is done solely for the money making aspect of it - 68% of 13,294 have exchanged sex for drugs or money -Prostitutes view their job as selling sex rather than seeking erotic gratification -Male prostitutes tend to be either: bisexual or heterosexual -There are gay male prostitutes as well -Primarily work in gay neighborhoods and gay bars -People who become prostitutes -Were generally rejected in their childhood for their sexual orientation -Some enjoy the fun and adventure within the job -She-male: a male who has undergone breast augmentation

Question! What are the most common types of sexual behavior in male prostitution?

Sexuality and Law - - There are many laws related to sexual behaviors such as sexual harassment, rape, incest, sexual assault, public indecency, and prostitution -Sodomy has created more debate among these laws - Sodomy: any sexual behaviors that cannot result in procreation with the opposite or same sex, oral and anal behaviors are considered - “crime against nature” because there is no reproductive reason in these sexual acts -2003, Lawrence et al. v. Texas case -- Case ruling banned the Texas laws against sex between same sex partners - Milestone ruling for gay rights advocates

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Same-Sex Marriage Congress passed the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) defining it as a union between and man and a woman - February 2011 the Department of Justice announced it would no longer defend the law until any case went to the Supreme Court to decide was the first year the US say a slight majority in favor of same sex marriage rights - Within the last decade 10 countries have legalized same- sex marriage (statistic provided when text was published) and began with the Netherlands first allowing it in June 26, United States legalized gay marriage in all 50 meaning the remaining 14 that still had bans on same-sex marriage could not enforce those policies anymore

Question! Does anyone know which country was the first to legalize same-sex marriage? A.United States B.Netherlands C.Australia D.France

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References - Cheng, L. De Die, L., & De Kroom, E. (2011). Humanity in Action. Just Business? The Unknown World of Male Prostitution in the Netherlands. Retrieved fromhttp:// male-prostitution-in-the-netherlandshttp:// male-prostitution-in-the-netherlands Farley,M., & Butler, E. (2012). Prostitution and Trafficking- Quick Facts. Retrieved from Luckas, S.A. (2015) Advertising, Education, Activism. The Gender Ads Project. Retrieved from McBride, A. (2007) The Future of the Court. Landmark Cases: Lawrence V. Texas. Retrieved from National Conference of State Legislatures. (2015). Same-Sex Marriage. Overview Same-Sex Marriage. Retrieved from No Bullying. (2015, March). General Knowledge. Prostitution Statistics: What You Need to Know. Retrieved from Yaber, W.L., & Sayad, B.W. (2013, 8th ed.). Human Sexuality: Diversity in Contemporary America. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Publishing.