Political Parties and their affect on political systems Political Party- a group of people with broad common interests who organize to win elections

Single Party system-where one party dominates the government and often does not allow other parties. Authoritarian ruling family of N. Korea China’s Communist Party Theocratic rule in Iran of the Islamic Republic Party ?

Multi-Party System- where many parties exist and no one party can gain control. A “coalition” of parties sometimes form to gain control of the gov’t, but eventually these break down.

Italy’s Chamber of deputies: The red is a coalition called Italy Common Good made up of five different parties; Democratic Party, Left Ecology Freedom, Italian Socialist Party, and Democratic Centre. The coalition formed in There have been many such coalitions.

Single-member districts vs. Proportional Representation Nearly all U.S. elected officials come from single-member districts, which means there is only one winner, who can fill gov’t offices with his supporters (patronage). Many other nations use proportional representation, which means gov’t offices will be filled by members of a party in proportion to the % of votes a candidate receives.

Two Party System in America Our system began with two competing philosophies concerning what would have greater power; states or the national government.

Districts for the State House of Ga. Gerrymandering: Drawing district boundaries in funny shapes to include or exclude kinds/groups of people.

The Electoral College -a party ticket is the two people nominated by a party to run for president and vice president. -when voting, we do not vote directly for the president, but for a group of electors from our state to vote entirely for one candidate.

Each state has a number of electors equal to its number of Senators and House or Reps members.

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Electoral College This is how the president is chosen. Each state has a number of electors based on the state’s # of Senators and House representatives. There are 538 total electors b/n states and Washington D.C. (3 electors) A candidate must win 270 electors to win. (half + 1) If no one gets 270, the House of reps chooses the next president.

Vocabulary Ideology- a set of basic beliefs about life, culture, gov’t, and society Liberal- believes gov’t should ACTIVELY promote health, education, and justice through taxes, but gov’t should not restrict individual freedoms. Conservatives- believe in limited gov’t, except in supporting traditional moral values Moderates- fall in the middle of conservative and liberal thinking

Caucuses Private meetings made of reps from the state and local levels to select candidates for office. While a caucus is a bit undemocratic, many states still have them. Iowa’s caucus is viewed as the most important because it is always 1 st.

Primaries Primary- an election to select a parties candidates for the general election. Closed Primary- only declared party members are allowed to vote in these primaries. Open Primary- voters can choose which primary to vote in. Georgia has an open primary.

Chapter 17, section 2 Voting Rights Early in America’s history, only white men who owned property and paid taxes were allowed to vote. 15 th Amendment- gave African Americans the right to vote. Voting Rights Act (1965)-outlawed literacy tests and gerrymandering intended to obstruct, or reduce the impact of African Americans vote.

Propaganda The use of ideas, information, or rumors to influence opinion towards a particular point of view.

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