The Attributive Clause The Attributive Clause 定 语 从 句 太安中学 段苗丽

 什么是定语从句呢？ 答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词 的从句叫定语从句。 结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句

The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 先行词 ______ ________________ 关系词 ___ 定语从句

关系词 关系代词 : 关系代词 : that, which, who, whom,whose 关系副词 : when, where, why 关系代词： 指人： who ( 主 / 宾格 ) that whom （宾格） 指物： that which

关系代词 who, that, whom 引导的定语从句 : 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关 系代词应用 who, that ( 作主语或宾语 ) whom ( 作宾语 )

the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty boy The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall is Tom. The boy who is strong is Tom The boy who is clever is Tom The boy who is naughty is Tom.

 The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.  The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. ( 主语 ) The boy who has a round face is Tom.  The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom. 二合一：

 The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian. The woman who can speak Russian got the job.  The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.

 The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. ( 宾语 )  The woman got the job. We saw her on the street. The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.  The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.

Ex: HHe is the teacher. The teacher can speak French. He is the teacher who can speak French.  Do you know the man? He came to visit you today. Do you know the man who came to visit you today?

 The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady. The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.  Do you know the man? You will visit him today. Do you know the man whom you will visit today?

关系代词 that, which 引导的定语从句 : 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系 代词应用 that 、 which. ( 作主语或宾语 )

apple the red the green the small the big The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The apple which is red is small. The apple which is green is big.

 Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.  Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.

 that 指人 / 物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.

that 指人 / 物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine that can fly.

小结：  that － 既可指人，也可指物，作主语， 不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。  which －指物，作主语，不能省略；作 宾语，可以省略. who － 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语， 可以省略, （常用 whom ） 注 : 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 定语 从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。

 that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用 that 而不用 which 。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read. This is the very book that belongs to him. (1) 先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 (2) 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等 修饰时。 (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 (4) 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。

 (5) 先行词是 who 或 who 引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car?  Who that broke the window will be punished.  (6) 主句以 There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing. (7) 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用 that. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. (8) 当先行词是 which 时，关系代词用 that. Which is the book that you bought last week?

1.This is all____I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether 2Is there anything else_____you require? A.which B.that C.who D.what 3.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it 4.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom 5.There is no dictionary____you can find everything. A.that B.which C.where D.in that 6.This is one of the best books_______. A.that have ever been writtenC.that has written B.that has ever been written D.that have written A B B B A A

7.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything__ _ __ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C.which D.where 8.Is oxygen the only gas_____helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it 9.Is there anything_____to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong 10.Which of the books______were borrowed from him is the best? A.which B.what C.that D.whose B A B C

11.The wind blew down the tallest tree ____ is in front of our school gate. 12.This is the very thing ______ I was looking for. 13.This is the second novel _____I have ever read. 14.There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten me. 15.Who is the man _______ is reading under the tree? 16.My hometown is not the same one _______ it used to be twenty years ago. that

whose 在定语从句中作定语, 表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 This is the book whose cover is blue.

Do you know the girl? Her hair is very short in our class. Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class? He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday. He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.

Mr King was quickly taken to hospital. Her legs were badly hurt. Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. We shall make a decision about Ms King. I have told you her story. We shall make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have told you.

 A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿 ).  A. who B. whose C. who’s D. which

Exercise 1 : 用关系代词填空 1.The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. 2.The ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister. 3.I hate people ______________ talk much but do little. 4.The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful. who / that which/ that who / that which / that

5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather. 6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man? 7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years. 8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now. whose which that 当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词 只能用 that.

Exercise 2. 1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember. 2.Say all ________ you know. 3.Is there anything ______ I can do for you? that 当先行词是 something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用 that.

4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here. 5. This is the best novel _______ I have read. that 当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系 代词只能用 that. 6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree? 7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday. 当主句是 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句 时，或中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能 用 that. that

Exercise  1.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that  2.Is that the reason _____ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that

 3. Is this the place ______ you were born?  A. which B.where C.what D.that

 4. Is this the place ______ some German friends visited last year?  A. which B.where C.what D. why

 5.The house _______ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.  A. which B.where C.what D.that  6.The house _______ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.  A. that B.where C.what D. why

 7.He told her the reason____ he is unhappy, but she doesn’t believe the reason ______ he gives her.  A. why; why  B. why; which  C. that; why  D. which; why