Presentation created by: Annika Velasco  How do tsunamis occur? Presentation created by: Annika Velasco 

Tsunami’s are a type of natural disaster Tsunami’s are a type of natural disaster. The word tsunami originated from Japan meaning ‘harbour waves’, and this massive wave is caused by tectonic plates in the earth’s crust moving.

What are tsunamis? A tsunami is a series of massive waves. Tsunami waves are called the wave train and can get as high as 100 feet! They are very strong and can travel at the speeds of about 500 miles or 805 kilometers an hour, almost as fast as a jet plane. Many scientists also believe that a tsunami created by a meteorite had occurred on earth 3.5 billion years ago.

How does a tsunami occur? A tsunami is formed by either a seaquake or an underwater volcanic eruption which is caused by the plates in the earth’s crust known as tectonic plates. When they move or collide they make the ground shake which causes the water above it to violently move up and down creating huge waves. These waves are always high on energy and can travel miles across the ocean.

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How do you survive a tsunami? To survive a natural disaster such as a tsunami it’s a good idea to provide you and your family a disaster plan. In a disaster plan you will need to have an evacuation route for your house so you know exactly what to do during a tsunami. Know whether you are in danger. Most coastal areas have tsunami warning systems in place. If an earthquake occurs that may have a tsunami people are warned so they can evacuate the area or find higher ground. You can also prepare a disaster supplies kit for your house and car. Include a first aid kit, canned food and can opener, bottled water, battery operated radio, flash light, protective clothing, a flair, water cleaning tablets and written instructions on how to turn off electricity, gas and water. During a tsunami to stay safe you should follow instructions issued by local authorities. You would probably want to evacuate the area immediately, get to higher ground and as far inland as you can. After a tsunami help injured or hurt people and stay out of buildings if water remains around it. Tsunami waters can cause buildings to sink, floors to crack, or walls to collapse. When re-entering homes use extreme caution and check for any gas leaks. Open windows and doors to help dry things out.

How has science help society deal with tsunamis? Most of the countries in the world did not have tsunami warning systems in place which means this causes more deaths or injuries when a tsunami occurs. After the tsunami in Indonesia (2014) took the death toll of about 230,000 people, they realised that they needed to do something to save more lives. Luckily science has stepped in and created warning systems for tsunamis and buildings on higher ground to shelter people during a tsunami.

How are tsunamis measured? Tsunamis are measured by seismographs. Seismographs measure the vibration in the ground. This is also used to detect earthquakes.

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