After WWI, new ideas and inventions replaced traditional ones. These changes in physics, art, literature, communication, transportation, and music still affect our lives today. By Susan and YooHee
Albert Einstein’s (dilation >) Theory of Relativity - Einstein's theory about the interrelationships between the time and space & between energy and matter. - People become uncertain because it disagrees with Newton - Newton - everything is set and not relative Ex: 2 cars & a classroom - space and time is relative
Sigmund Freud Freudian Psychology - believed human behavior is irrational, beyond reason - (pg 299) unconscious mind tells people how to think and act - suppressed memories, desires, and impulse shape behavior - unconscious mind while shopping - conscious : controllable unconscious : uncontrollable force
- Philosophers and writers begin to question about reasons & progress that was accepted before WWI - People are now afraid of the future and this is called the uncertain world
-Existentialism people’s choices shape their lives - There is no universal meaning of life - causes uncertainty Friedrich Nietzshe : - people should trust their instincts Western World : reason, democracy, and progress - individuality suffered
Another step in modernizing the world Composers in both classical and popular music started new ways of composing. JAZZ - mostly by African Americans in New Orleans, Memphis, and Chicago It symbolized the freedom and spontaneity of the time (1920's = Jazz Age)
The Jazz Age does not only refer to the birth of jazz but also a change in literature, art, and the people. Society becomes more Open - new kind of individual freedom - changes in woman's lives (the right to vote) - war gave woman new roles and after the war, woman's suffrage became law in many countries - woman's clothing & hairstyles changed a lot - Flappers - shorter clothes & hair, drove cars, drank, and smoked in public
- Artists start to break away from tradition by adding emotions & imaginations - Dada -- established values had been made meaningless by the savagery of WWI - As a result of WWI, values and ideas became nonsense > Dadaist works were crazy and meaningless Surrealism art movement that sought to link the world of dreams with real life -- tried to call on the unconscious part of their minds -- surrealist paintings showed freeness and "a dream-like quality" functionalism -- buildings in which the design reflected the building's function Before, buildings were built as a form of art to show their beauty, but after the war architects tried to make use of them at the same time This is a step to a modern world
- with the help of the industrial revolution, the pace of inventions quickened by WWI - new drugs and medical treatments developed that helped millions of people in postwar years - better transportation and communication The Automobile - as time went on, the # of production of cars increased and prices dropped - more leisure travel time & more availability to middle class Airplanes - Charles Lindbergh - 33 hour solo flight from NY to Paris - after the war, a major objective was international air travel Radio - During WWI, wireless communication was so great that countries afterward researched the radio - unlike the expensive air travel, most families owned a radio