Science 8—February 11, 2015

 Function of the muscular system—to move the body  Two types of muscles— ◦ Voluntary muscles  Muscles you are able to control ◦ Involuntary muscles  Muscles you can’t control

 Muscles work in a very simple way. All they do is tighten up - that is, contract - and relax.  Muscles can only pull. They never push.  The muscular system includes three types of muscles. They are smooth, which are found on the walls of internal organs, cardiac, which is found only in the heart, and skeletal muscles, which help strengthen the body and connect to bones.

Digestive system— Function!! Process that breaks down food into small molecules so they can move into the blood

 Both mechanical and chemical digestion  Mechanical—breaks down food by chewing and churning  Chemical—breaks down food with the help of enzymes into substances that cells can absorb and use

 Food passes through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and out the anus.

 atomy/digestion/digestion_game_2.htm atomy/digestion/digestion_game_2.htm

 Your immune system is a complex groups of defenses that your body has to fight disease.  It is made up of cells, tissues, organs, and body systems that fight bacteria, viruses, harmful chemicals, and cancer cells.  Circulatory system contains white blood cells that engulf and digest foreign organisms and chemicals.

 Your respiratory system contains cilia and mucus that trap pathogens. Another term for pathogen is microorganisms  When your immune system recognizes a foreign protein or chemical, it forms antibodies.  An antibody is a protein made by an animal in response to a specific antigen.

 The nervous system is the communication system of the body.  It is the first control system of your body using impulses.  The nervous system will respond to a stimulus that is any change inside or outside your body that brings about a response.

 A cat jumps when startled by a loud noise. This is an example of an organism sensing and responding to its external environment.

 The endocrine system is the system of glands, each of which secretes a type of hormone directly into the bloodstream to regulate the body.  The endocrine system is the second control system of your body.  Chemicals are the control mechanisms.  Endocrine chemicals called hormones are produced in several ductless glands throughout your body.

 crine+system&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=endoc rine+system&sc=0-0&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=8E2187FE28FF3B7 A21DD8E2187FE28FF3B7A21DD crine+system&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=endoc rine+system&sc=0-0&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=8E2187FE28FF3B7 A21DD8E2187FE28FF3B7A21DD  This is the human body system produces the hormones that regulate growth

 Function—the system that removes wastes from the body  Organ system eliminates liquid and gaseous wastes from the body?  Kidneys filter blood to remove wastes and keep sodium, water, and other chemicals in balance.

 &form=QBVR&pq=excretory+system&sc=0-0&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=5D21400A28862F49DE3A5D21400A2 8862F49DE3A &form=QBVR&pq=excretory+system&sc=0-0&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=5D21400A28862F49DE3A5D21400A2 8862F49DE3A  The kidneys are the major organs of the urinary system; they filter wastes from all of the blood in your body.  Parts of the digestive, circulatory, respiratory, and urinary system work together as the excretory system.  Also sweat glands in the skin

 umentary+system&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=in tegumentary+system&sc=0-16&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=B66BA A66 AA638B66BA A66AA638 umentary+system&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=in tegumentary+system&sc=0-16&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=B66BA A66 AA638B66BA A66AA638  The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and hair.  The skin is the largest organ of the body.

ystem&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=integumentary+system&sc =0-16&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=B66BA A66AA638B66B A A66AA638 Reproduction is the process that continues life on Earth.  Organisms that carry out sexual reproduction form eggs and sperm to transfer genetic information from one generation to the next.  Genes are composed DNA.

 An organism is born with a genetic abnormality not present in any of its ancestors. This abnormality is most likely the result of mutation.  Organs and organ systems begin to develop in humans before birth.

 The sum of all chemical reactions in the human body is known as metabolism.  Cancer is best described as abnormal cell division.  (

 The interaction of the skeletal and muscular  systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by the nervous system  Circulatory System—transport materials