CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

LEARNING OBJECTIVE  I can differentiate between elements, compounds and mixtures.  I can compare and contrast solutions, suspensions, and colloids.

STANDARD  CLE Evaluate pure substances and mixtures.

AGENDA  ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS, AND MIXTURE GRAFFITI WALL  DIRECT INSTRUCTION  GROUP WORK  INDIVIDUAL WORK  EXIT TICKET

COMPOSITION OF MATTER  PURE SUBSTANCES  MIXTURES

PURE SUBSTANCES  PURE SUBSTANCE: Is a type of matter with a fixed composition. A pure substance can be either an element or a compound.  EXAMPLES:  Aluminum (Al), Helium (He), Water (H 2 O), and Salt (NaCl)

PURE SUBSTANCE  ELEMENT: A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances.  If it is on the Periodic table, it is an element

ELEMENTS  ALLOTROPES: Allotropes are different forms of the same element. Different bonding arrangements between atoms result in different structures with different chemical and physical properties.

COMPOUNDS  COMPOUNDS: Are substances in which atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed proportion.  EXAMPLES:

MIXTURES  MIXTURE: Is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.  TYPES OF MIXTURES: There are two types of mixtures: HETEROGENEOUS AND HOMOGENEOUS

MIXTURES/HETEROGENEOUS  HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES: A mixture in which different materials can be distinguished easily. (HETERO meaning different)  EXAMPLES:

MIXTURES/HOMOGENEOUS  HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES: Contain two or more gaseous, solid, or liquid substances blended evenly throughout. (HOMO meaning same)  EXAMPLES:

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES/ SOLUTIONS  SOLUTIONS: Is another term to describe heterogeneous mixtures.

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES/COLLOIDS  COLLOIDS: Are a type of mixture with particles that are larger than those of a solution but not heavy enough to settle out.  DETECTING COLLOIDS: Colloids are detected using the TYNDALL EFFECT: The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by the particle of a colloid. A light beam aimed at a glass of milk or a fog bank is scattered.

COLLOIDS  EXAMPLES: JELLO MILK CLOUDS

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES/SUSPENSIONS  SUSPENSIONS: Are mixtures in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough that they settle out.  EXAMPLES: Italian salad dressing, snow globe, and sand and water.