1. Classification of Matter
Chapter 15

2. Composition of Matter – Sec. 1
Pure Substances
Same composition throughout
Either an element or compound
Element
All one type of atom
Everything made of atoms
Compound
Atoms of two or more elements chemically bonded together

3. Composition of Matter Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixture
Made of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means
Heterogeneous Mixture
Different materials can be seen easily
Granite, concrete, vegetable soup
Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
Blended evenly throughout
Vinegar, Kool-aid

4. Air, sugar water, stainless stell Heterogeneous Mixture
MATTER
Can it be separated?
yes no
Mixtures
Substance
Homogeneous Mixture
Air, sugar water, stainless stell
Heterogeneous Mixture
Granite, wood, blood
Compounds
Water, sodium chloride
Elements
Gold, aluminum

5. Mixtures Colloid ~ heterogeneous Detecting Colloids
Particles larger than solution but not heavy enough to settle out
Milk, paint, fog and smoke
Detecting Colloids
Pass a beam of light through it
Colloid – See beam
Solution – Cannot see beam
Particles big enough to scatter light – Tyndall Effect

6. Mixtures Suspension ~ heterogeneous Not solution, not colloid
Muddy pond water
Heterogeneous mixture with a liquid and visible particles that settle

7. Properties of Matter
Section 2

8. Physical Properties
Def: characteristic observed without changing the identity of the material
Ex: color, shape, size, density
Appearance
Behavior
Magnetic, malleable, flow of liquid

9. Separating Mixtures Sand and Rock mixture?
Filter or sift
Iron filings and Aluminum mixture?
Magnet

10. Physical Change
Change in size, shape or state of matter and identity is same
Solid to a liquid?
Yes

11. Condense
Freeze
Melt
Evaporate
Solid
Liquid
Gas

12. Physical Change How to get pure water from salt water?
Distillation – evaporate liquid and then recondense it

13. Chemical Properties and Changes
Chemical Property – can be observed only by changing the substance
Flammability, reactivity, decomposition
Chemical Change – change where a NEW substance is formed
Weathering – Physical or Chemical Change?
Both!

14. Law of Conservation of Mass
Matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction
Mass of all substances before = mass of all substances after change