Bellwork  Why do you think we need a government?

What is Civics? The study of the rights and duties of citizens.

Functions of the government 1111. Keep order and provide security MMMMake and enforce laws SSSSet up armed forces 2. Provide public services ccccreate hospitals, schools, libraries, parks PPPProvide transportation, supply water, build bridges, deliver mail HHHHelps needy people

Functions of Government  3. Guide the community -Public policy- develop guidelines -Create a budget -Develop relationships with neighbors

3 levels of government  Federal- creates laws for the whole country  State- provides public services, creates laws for the state  Local- keeps order

Define  1. Government  2. Direct democracy  3. Dictatorship  4. Representative democracy  5. Democracy

How do people become citizens? 1)Born on US soil 2)Parents are both US citizens 3)If one parent is a US citizen and you are born overseas

Naturalization  Must be 18  1. Sign a Declaration of Intention  2. File the Declaration with the USCIS  3. Live in the US for 5 years  4. Interview with USCIS  5. Take the citizenship test  6. Take an Oath of Allegiance

Aliens  People who come to the US and are not a citizen of the US  If they come to live then they are an immigrant  They must have permission from the government to be here  The government only allows a limited number of people to come here in a year.

Illegal Aliens  Sneak into the US  Illegal to hire for work  Will be deported (sent back home)

Legal Aliens  Have permission to be in the US  Can work  Pay taxes  Cannot vote, work in US government, and must carry an ID card

Loss of Citizenship  Move to another country and become a citizen of another country (most common)  The government can strip away naturalized citizenship away  Once you lose your citizenship then you can’t get it back

Homework 1.What is “naturalization”? 2.What is the first step an alien takes to become a citizen? 3.What is the difference between an alien and an immigrant? 4.Why do you think aliens come to America? 5.Why would government officials deport someone? 6.What are some of the differences between a legal alien and a natural-born US citizen?

Where did people come from and why?  Europe-Explore, get new land, provide a better life, and flee from wars or lack of food.  Africa- Most came as slaves from  Today people are coming from Asia and Latin America for a better life

A Diverse Population  211 million – European  35 million – African American  35 million – Latin American  2.5 million - Native American  11 million- Asia

Where did all the people go?  1800s people lived in rural areas  1900s people migrated to cities for work in factories  After the Civil War African American migrated to the North  Today people are migrating to the Southwest and South because of weather and to find jobs.

Drop In Birth Rate  People don’t want kids  More are moving to the cities  Kids cost too much

Love and Hate  Patriotism- to show love for your country  Terrorism- to use violence by groups against civilians to achieve political goals