Parts of Speech PowerPoint, © May 2007 by Prestwick House, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN Item #: By Sondra Abel PowerPoint ® for the Classroom Parts of Speech

Conjunctions

A conjunction joins words or parts of sentences together, and it shows how they are related. Three types of conjunctions: Coordinating Correlative Subordinating

Conjunctions Coordinating Conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Coordinating conjunctions link related words or groups of words. I had pizza and salad for dinner. The band played at Crazy Horse last weekend, but no one came to see them. You can choose to write a five-page paper or take a multiple-choice test. My computer crashed, but, fortunately, I had already backed up my work.

Conjunctions He is deciding whether to go to college right away or take some time off. Correlative Conjunctions: both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, whether…or Correlative conjunctions link similar words or groups of words. However, they are always used in pairs. Either come with us, or you’ll have to ride with them. Both Carmella and Miguel will be attending this evening. The play drew viewers from not only the city but also the entire state.

Conjunctions Subordinating Conjunctions: after, although, because, before, since, when, where, as long as, so that, unless, until, etc. Subordinating conjunctions are used to link a complete sentence to a sentence fragment. There are many subordinating conjunctions. After he spoke to her, he felt much better. Leave a note before you go out. The project cannot move forward because she hasn’t approved the changes. A rat ran around the kitchen in circles until I hit it with a pot.

Conjunctions Often, more than one conjunction will be used in a sentence. Different types of conjunctions can be used to create long sentences. I neither believe you nor accept your answer because you often lie to me. The choices were peppers and onions or mushrooms and spinach. Although she is a good candidate, I don’t think she’ll win because she isn’t popular. The bus often runs late, yet I continue to ride it since it saves me money on gas.

Conjunctions Exercise 5. Let’s go to the mall or the movie theatre on Saturday before we go to dinner. Underline the conjunctions used in the following sentences. Many sentences have more than one conjunction. 1. I wanted to fumigate the apartment because I saw a cockroach in the kitchen. 2. Gwen had to either mow the lawn or help paint the fence. 3. Due to the rain, both baseball and volleyball are cancelled this afternoon. 4. Because the library was closed, I had to find someplace else to write and do research.

Prepositions

A preposition shows a relationship that is temporary, geographical, or logical between the object and the sentence. In each sentence, the preposition locates the cat in space or time. The cat is under the sofa. The cat is rubbing against my leg. The cat is behind the lamp. Throughout the day, the cat naps. At eight o’clock, the cat had its dinner.

Prepositions There are many prepositions. Here are some of the most common: about above across behind during despite beyond before between below except inside in from for into off of near like out over past since through under with within

Prepositions A preposition comes before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase. The word that the preposition refers to is called the object of the preposition. A prepositional phrase is made up of the preposition and its object. …under the sofa. …against my leg. However, a prepositional phrase also consists of any other words in between the preposition and its object. Most often these words are adverbs or adjectives. …under the old, red sofa. …against my very muscular leg.

Prepositions Exercise Read the following sentences and underline the prepositional phrases. Some sentences have more than one phrase. 1. The radio in my office stopped working. 2. The squirrel chased the birds around the feeder. 3. Everyone except Elliot must stay after class. 4. During the storm, the trees bent violently in the wind. 5. I get tired toward the end of the day.

Interjections

An interjection is a word that expresses emotion or surprise. Interjections usually stand alone and are usually followed by exclamation marks. Darn! Ha! Hello! Hey! Oh no! Ouch! Ugh! Wow! Some are followed by question marks. Eh? Huh?

Interjections Interjections usually stand alone. Darn! I missed the bus again. Huh? What did you say? Huh, what did you say?

Interjections Interjections can be used within a sentence. In this case, the termination mark (exclamation point or question mark) that would follow the interjection is placed at the end of the sentence. Hey, get back here! He bought a new bike, eh? I told you! Ha!