1. There can be more than one in a sentence. PersonThe girl is hugging her brother. PlaceI was born in Green Bay. ThingThat doughnut looks good. IdeaFreedom and love are wonderful.

5. Life without pronouns: Jack went to Jack’s closet and took out Jack’s new suit because Jack was going to a dance given by Jack’s company. Life with pronouns: Jack went to his closet and took out his new suit because he was going to a dance given by his company. Some pronouns have an antecedent, which is the word being replaced. For example, “his” and “he” refers to the antecedent “Jack.”

7. Types of Pronouns

10. -often end in –ly -Answers How? or When? or Where? the action was performed -also modify adjective and other adverbs (To What extent?) She carefully cheated. Matt demonstrated the ballet routine gracefully. Joe always does his homework. Jimmy never lies. How?When?Where?To What Extent? (Intensifiers) Slowly Patiently Willingly Always Never Then Here There Too, really, very, quite, somewhat

11. To What extent? -look for “really”, “very”, “quite”, “somewhat”, “too”, etc. Adverbs can modify other adverbs. Carrie ran very quickly. (Adverb, adverb) -How did she run? Quickly. How quickly? Very. Adverbs can modify adjectives. The pillow was too soft. (adverb, adjective) -How soft was it? Too. The class was quite noisy. The 9 th graders were somewhat irresponsible. Joe spoke to the teacher very rudely.

12. Most common joining conjunctions (Coordinating Conjunctions): And, or, but, so, yet, nor -can join two parts of speech Ice cream and pickles make a great combination. Jim and Molly went to the grocery store and the mall. -can join two phrases The pickles flew out of the bowl and into my mouth. Mom dusted the furniture and vacuumed the floor. -can join two clauses I wanted to study, but I just didn’t have the time.

13. -Some conjunctions travel in pairs (Correlative Conjunctions): either/or, neither/nor, both/and, not only/but also, whether/or Either you do your assignment or you take an F. Both Ms. Davidson and Ms. Weller get on my nerves. -Others (Subordinating Conjunctions): because, since, although, unless, while Julie didn’t learn because she slept through class. You will fail the test unless you study.

14. A, An, The

15. -usually one word (yikes, eek, wow, hey) Whoa, that was a big rat. Yes, I did study for the test. Hey, that’s my sandwich!

16. -Can tell about location (anything you can do in or around two cars) Across, on, at, by, in, against, between, to, over, through, off, behind, around The ice cream is in the freezer. The bird flew above the trees and between the power lines to his nest. -Usually come in a prepositional phrase: Preposition + [article] + [adjective] + Noun/Pronoun Over the river and through the woods to grandmother’s house

17. -Can tell about time relationships: before, during, after, until I slept during English class. I decided that after my nap I would study until dinner. -Others: except, of, for, like We only had one week left of class. The crowd cheered during the game.