Enzymes 1

What Are Enzymes? enzymes  Many large proteins are enzymes Catalyst  Act as Catalyst to accelerates (speed up) a reaction 2

Enzymes catalyze  Are specific for what they will catalyze  Only fit/work with one substance ase  End in –ase-Sucrase-Lactase-Maltase Reusable  Are Reusable 3

How do enzymes Work? weakening bonds which lowers activation energy  Enzymes work by weakening bonds which lowers activation energy  The minimum amount of energy needed to start a reaction 4

Enzymes 5 Free Energy Progress of the reaction Reactants Products Free energy of activation Without Enzyme With Enzyme

substance enzyme substrate The substance (reactant) an enzyme acts on is the substrate 6 Enzyme Substrate Joins Ex: sucrose is the substrate for sucrase

Active Site region enzyme substrate binds  A region of an enzyme where the substrate binds. 7 Enzyme Substrate Active Site

Induced Fit shape  A change in the shape of an enzyme’s active site  It is induced (caused)  It is induced (caused) by the substrate 8

Things that change enzyme effectiveness 1. Temperature a) high temps denature enzyme. a) high temps may denature the enzyme. I. Changes its shape and makes it nonfunctional 2. pH a) most like pH between pH (near neutral) 3. Substrate and enzyme concentration a) High concentrations increase function b) Low concentrations decrease function 9

A video review to help you understand..  Enzymes Enzymes 10