Advancing chp/district heating in Russia O. Lebedev, V. Semenov and V. Papushkin

Advancing chp/district heating in Russia 2 strategy of Russian energetic strategy: Strategy of increasing oil and gas and building new thermal sources, Increasing of energetic resources using increasing energetic efficiency. Сравнение энергоемкости и электроемкости России и зарубежных стран в 2003 г. Данные Международного энергетического агентства Potential 50% by energy and 55% by electricity energy.

Advancing chp/district heating in Russia Potential realization Current situation Electro energy Heat supplying system Industry Building Energy efficient strategy

Advancing chp/district heating in Russia District heating 71.5% Extension of Russian heat supplying system km (municipal km) needed to be replaced. Mean age 13 years, wear – 65%. Heat generation using Cogeneration more 30% Full power generation using cogeneration plants 48,1% Quantity of cogeneration plants 268 federal, 264 municipal, boilers (efficiency 67% ). Quantity of heat supplying organizations in Russia 17412

Advancing chp/district heating in Russia Cogeneration plant Fuel economy potential for power generation at cogeneration plant is 30 millions of reference fuel tones including 19 billions m3 of natural gas Current efficiency of heat-electric generating -30% Efficiency Cogeneration plants

Advancing chp/district heating in Russia Heat supplying system System problems: 1.Absence of municipal energetic plans for efficient relations between “big” and “small” energetic with fuel supplying systems; 2.capacity imbalance of heat loaded thermal sources with the Surplus of capacity of thermal sources in many systems; 3.overrunning load of heat load of consumer; 4.Surplus of centralization of many Heat supplying system 5.High losses of Heat supplying system; 6.Misbalancing of Heat supplying system; 7.Lack of motivation of cost reduction; 8.Lack of qualified staff especially on distant regions. Key point of reconstruction (using Kyoto protocol too): 1.Modernization of district Heat supplying system with high density of heat load; 2.Particial decentralization of heat supplying system; 3.Full decentralization of many local heat supplying system with low density of heat load.