California Integrated Waste Management Board 1 Presentation Of Findings On Phase II Of The Do-It-Yourself Oil Changers Research (FY 2001/2002 Used Oil Recycling Fund Contract C2014) (July Board Item 10) James Herota and Dr. Rufus Browning July 13, 2005 Agenda Item #10

California Integrated Waste Management Board 2 California Oil Recycling Enhancement Act of 1992 “to reduce the illegal disposal of used oil and recycle and reclaim used oil to the greatest extent possible in order to recover valuable natural resources and to avoid damage to the environment and threats to public health.” PRC Section 48600(f)

California Integrated Waste Management Board : Deen and Black Study –Identified importance of DIY 2001: Dr. R. Browning Survey –Characterized DIY location –Importance of immigrants 2002: Further analysis of 2001 data Foundation Research

California Integrated Waste Management Board 4 “To the Greatest Extent Possible” Lessons from the 2001 Statewide Used Oil Survey Rufus Browning Public Research Institute / SFSU

California Integrated Waste Management Board Statewide Survey Revisited 418 non-DIYers and 761 DIYers –including 111 shade-tree mechanics (STMs) Interviewed in 2001 re oil changing in (patterns, relationships) Now projected forward onto January 2004 population for comparison with oil and filter collection data

California Integrated Waste Management Board 6 Topics Shade-tree mechanics Curbside pickup vs. DIYer drop-off—Which is better? Estimated volumes of oil recoverable with: –Make all collection centers very convenient –Extend curbside collection to 90% of households –Other programs

California Integrated Waste Management Board 7 1. Shade Tree Mechanics STMs dispose of tremendous amounts of oil: Average gallons disposed per year STMs 38 g Other DIYers 6 g

California Integrated Waste Management Board 8 Total Oil Disposed as Drained Liquid Oil STMs13.2 M g54% Other DIYers11.2 M g46% Total24.4 M g 100%

California Integrated Waste Management Board 9 Estimated Oil Not Collected STMs 9.5 M g69% Other DIYers 4.3 M g31% Total13.8 M g 100%

California Integrated Waste Management Board 10 How Many STMs? Estimated Percent of hholds Number DIY All STMs 124, (10+ STM oil changes) Other DIY 1,982, Total2,106,

California Integrated Waste Management Board 11 STMs account for most of the disposed oil not collected You’re not doing the job unless you collect the oil generated by STMs Existing programs miss most STM oil High-volume STMs are relatively rare IMPLICATIONS

California Integrated Waste Management Board Which is better—curbside pickup or DIYer drop-off? A “better” used oil program is more effective. “More effective” means reduces improper disposal more.

California Integrated Waste Management Board 13 Available curbside collection reduces illegal disposal more than convenient centers

California Integrated Waste Management Board 14 Older DIYers are much more likely to report using curbside collection Put oil out for curbside pickup at least once in past year: 40 and older 15% Under 40 7% So current curbside programs favor older DIYers--but younger DIYers dispose of much more oil.

California Integrated Waste Management Board 15 SO WHICH IS BETTER? Curbside pickup is demonstrably better at reducing illegal disposal “to the greatest extent possible,” where it is available. ZERO illegal disposal IS “the greatest extent possible.” Curbside pickup meets that standard. Can DIYer drop-off programs meet it?

California Integrated Waste Management Board 16 THE CHALLENGE FOR CURBSIDE: Extend it to single-family dwellings across the state. Make it available to residents of multi-family dwellings. FOR CENTERS & DIYER DROP-OFF: Make them much more convenient and greatly increase DIYer commitment to recycling.

California Integrated Waste Management Board 17 Which Program Will Recover the Most Oil Per Year? (M g per year) Make collection centers “very convenient” for every DIY household, OR Extend regular curbside oil pickup to 90% of the households now without it

California Integrated Waste Management Board 18 Other oil recovery estimates (M g per year) Collect all DIY empty new oil containers and extract all their oil Collect all DIY used filters and extract all their oil

California Integrated Waste Management Board 19 RECOMMENDATIONS Extend curbside pickup to single-family dwellings statewide. Extend curbside pickup to multi-family dwellings statewide. Implement programs that meet the needs of STMs (avoid highly restrictive volume limits) For the remaining households, improve convenience of drop-off and strengthen commitment. Consider enforcement measures to further reduce illegal disposal.

California Integrated Waste Management Board 20 Cost Considerations Cost per g collected is misleading. One program is effective, the other is not. The appropriate criterion: cost to reduce illegal disposal to the greatest extent possible —to zero.

California Integrated Waste Management Board 21

California Integrated Waste Management Board 22 Priority Program Criteria for NP & R&D Grants Identification of CCCs in neighborhoods with high number of DIYers Performance based measures grounded in DIY data vs. per capita data Sharing Successes in targeting DIYers Survey of Jurisdictions regarding potential and barriers for curbside oil collection Action Steps Taken To Date

California Integrated Waste Management Board 23 Curbside Barriers: Not cost effective (53%); Risk of oil spills (32%); Curbside solid waste hauler not interested (23%) Never looked into it (33%) Tried it, but discontinued (9%) Barriers to Curbside Collection

California Integrated Waste Management Board 24 Assess the cost, technical barriers, perceived risk, etc. to curbside collection from local government and hauler points of view Provide Technical Assistance to jurisdictions interested in adding oil to existing curbside collection programs Proposed Actions for FY 2005/06

California Integrated Waste Management Board 25 Re-vamp the Criteria and approach of Opportunity Grant to encourage curbside used oil collection Closely follow new NP & RD grants relative to lessons regarding STMs and plastic bottle recycling Provide TA to jurisdictions with below average collection of DIYer oil Proposed Actions for FY 2005/06