Happy Tuesday! YOU HAVE NEW SEATS! –CHECK THE GREEN SHEET NEXT TO THE SMARTBOARD! Pick-up bell ringer Turn in Jackson Brochure

Manifest Destiny: destiny ordained by God to expand from Coast to Coast Louisiana Purchase: doubles size of the nation, 1803, Jefferson War of 1812: War Hawks wanted to expand, gain Florida after Lure of the West: -escape debt and the law -economic gain thru land -social gains: fresh start -ordained by God

Mormons Religious group founded by Joseph Smith, 1827 –Faced religious persecution for beliefs Smith was killed by a mob denouncing his views Brigham Young led the group west to Utah, 1847 –used Oregon Trail –wanted to escape persecution Formed a thriving community –permanently settle near the great salt lake (today Salt Lake City) –help found the state of Utah

TEXAS Immigrants from U.S. move into Mexican Texas per invitation Stephen F. Austin: leads the settlers, reports back that land is good –“as good in every respect as a man could wish for” Mexico tries to regain control of Texas Mexico feared a plot by the US to acquire Texas –Leads to conflict between settlers and Mexico

Texas Battle of Alamo: 1836 –Texans defeated, all killed –13 day siege gives Sam Houston time to raise an army to fight Texans eventually defeat Mexican Army and declare independence 1836—Lone Star Republic – Sam Houston serves as President of Texas Independence not recognized by Mexico until after the Mexican War, annexation delayed b/c of debate over slavery

Western Lands Indian Conflicts: -Indian Removal—(1830) forced -Laramie Treaty—(1851) gave Great Plains to Indians who in return allowed roads and forts to be built -Broken Treaties— mass movement of settlers violate the treaties Oregon Territory: –Oregon Trail from Independence, Missouri to Portland, Oregon –Donner Party—group headed to California, become trapped in mountains, resort to cannibalism –54’40 or fight: manifest destiny campaign for the Oregon territory by James K. Polk (manifest destiny president) Election of 1844—Polk wins!

Mexican War Texas finally annexed in 1845 –Promise newly elected Polk –Border dispute arises with Mexico –Polk sends troops –War breaks out after skirmish at border General Zachary Taylor and General Winfield Scott lead the U.S. to victory Mexico defeated –25,000 Mexicans died –Mexican cessation of lands in the west 1848 US gains: California, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming

Spoils of War Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo –ends war –Mexican Cessation (gives U.S. southwestern states) Gadsden Purchase—1853 –Purchase of a small section of lower Arizona from Mexico –completes southern border Zachary Taylor elected President –war hero California Gold Rush: –Gold found in 1848 at Sutter’s Mill –1849 Gold Rush (’49ers) –leads to early statehood for CA

Activity Complete map of US Territorial Growth by 1853 –Label Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Canada, and Mexico –Label and color each of the following: Original US Territory/States in 1783 Louisiana Purchase 1803 from France Texas Annexation 1845 from Mexico Gadsden Purchase1853 from Mexico Mexican Cessation 1848 from Mexico Oregon Territory 1846 from Britain Florida Cession 1821 from Spain Areas ceded by Great Britain (1818 & 1842) Classwork/Homework: Review of Manifest Destiny