2. Manifest Destiny: destiny ordained by God to expand from Coast to Coast Louisiana Purchase: doubles the size of the nation, 1803, Jefferson War of 1812: War Hawks wanted to expand (‘Onward Canada’), gain Florida Lure of the West: -escape debt and the law -economic gain thru land -social gains: fresh start -ordained by God

3. Mormons Religious group founded by Joseph Smith (today Church of Jesus Christ Latter Day Saints) Smith was killed by a mob denouncing his views and Brigham Young leads the Mormons west on the Oregon Trail They permanently settle near the great salt lake—today Salt Lake City and help found the state of Utah http://www.pbs.org/mormons/map/index.html

4. TEXAS Immigrants for U.S. move into Mexican Texas per invitation Stephen Austin: leads the settlers, reports back—”as good in every respect as a man could wish for” As settlers pour in, Mexico tries to regain control fearing US plot to acquire Mexico

5. Battle of the Alamo Early battle in the Texas Revolution, huge defeat for Texans, all were killed 13 day siege gives Sam Houston time to raise an army to fight Texans led by Houston eventually go on to defeat Mexican Army and Santa Ana 1836—Lone Star Republic, Sam Houston serves as president Independence not recognized by Mexico until after the Mexican War

7. Western Lands Indian Conflicts: -Indian Removal—(1830) forced -Laramie Treaty—(1851) gave Great Plains to Indians who’d allow roads and forts to be built -Broken Treaties—mass movement of settlers would violate the treaty Oregon Territory: –Oregon Trail: ran from Independence, Missouri to Portland, Oregon –Conestoga Wagon caravans as a means of travel –Donner Party—group headed to California, become trapped, resort to cannibalism –54’40 or fight: James K. Polk launches a manifest destiny campaign for the election of 1844

9. Mexican War Texas is annexed and border disputes quickly begin  Polk sends troops  war breaks out after skirmish General Zachary Taylor and General Winfield Scott lead the U.S. to victory 25,000 Mexicans died and over ¼ of Mexico is lost in the Mexican cessation of 1848 US gains: California, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming

10. Spoils of War Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo officially ends war and gives the Mexican Cessation Gadsden Purchase— 1853 small section of lower Arizona completes southern border Zachary Taylor—war hero become president California Gold Rush: found in 1848, Gold Rush of 1849 (’49ers) leads to early statehood for CA

11. Activity Complete map of US Territorial Growth in 1853 Classwork/Homework: story on the War with Mexico and Expanding Markets Moving West Wksht