1. Territorial Expansion Moving West

2. Manifest Destiny
The belief that God has ordained that Americans should expand west

3. Manifest Destiny Main reason for moving west – land
Owning land was an important first step toward prosperity
Other Reasons
Economic Opportunity
Fresh start – economic trouble

4. Hindrances
The only problem is that there are Native Americans between white people and the west.

5. Effects
Some examples of Manifest Destiny’s impact on the country are that it helped fuel western settlement, and  pushed many Native Americans further west/ off their land.
Manifest Destiny led to the annexation of Texas in 1845, a big expansion for America.
In 1846, the country expanded again when the Northwest set boundaries at the 49th parallel--the current boundary between the United States and Canada.

6. Effects
Next was the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1846, this treaty established the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico and gave the New Mexico and California territories to the United States, which the U.S. Agreed to pay $15 million for.
This newly possessed land included what is now California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, most of Arizona, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.
Next, in 1853, was the Gadsden Purchase, where the US paid Mexico $10 million for the territory south of the Gila River, making this the final expansion establishing the current borders of the United States.

7. Native Americans Black Hawk War, 1832
Named after Indian leader Black Hawk
Fought over rights to land – Native Americans lose and are forcibly removed to land WEST of Mississippi
Result – continued the pattern of
Native American groups being
pushed farther west by white settlers

8. Native Americans Treaty of Fort Laramie
Agreement between the US Government and several Midwestern tribes who guaranteed not to attack white settlers moving West
US Government agreed
to honor boundaries
Result:
The US Government
repeatedly violated it’s
side of the agreement

9. Trails West
Aside from settlers two other groups moved across the west 1. traders 2. missionaries

10. Trails West Santa Fe Trail Oregon Trail
From Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico
Traders took cloth, guns, knives and returned with gold, silver and furs
Oregon Trail
* From Independence, MO to Portland, OR
* Methods of travel: 1) prairie schooners or
2) walking
* Why Oregon? – plenty of rain and fertile soil

11. schooner

12. Prairie schooner

13. Trails West Mormon Trail moving west to escape religious persecution
Practice that caused so much controversy – polygamy or
(the practice of having more than one wife)
Led west by Brigham Young
Eventually settled in an area they called Salt Lake City

14. Border Disputes Oregon Territory
The U.S. and Britain had been sharing the Oregon Territory.
President Polk used the slogan “Fifty-four Forty or Fight” to gain support for annexing (adding) the Oregon Territory
Britain eventually agreed to the 49th parallel and the US Boundary extended all the way to the Puget Sound
The US’s northern boundary with Canada is now established

15. Border Disputes (Mexico and Texas)
Mexican Land grants to settlers
Mexico grants land to white American settlers in present day Texas to cut down on Native American attacks in the area

16. The Texas Revolution, the Republic of Texas, Texas becomes a state
*Alamo*San Jacinto
The Republic
of Texas
Texas Annexation
North
South

17. War with Mexico Mexican American War Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848
North?
No! We don’t want to expand slavery!
South?
Yes! Let’s fight! More land could equal
more slavery!
Mexican American War
America gains the spoils of war –
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848

18. Gold! California Gold Rush People come from all over the world in 1849
Looking for gold is
difficult work
How did this affect California and the United States?
Population EXPLOSION in California. California will be the first U.S. territory in the land won from Mexico to apply for statehood.
Could this upset the balance of free vs. slave states???...