Reproductive Systems Coach Sebastian

Male Reproductive System: Objectives State the role of the male reproductive system Describe the function of each of the organs of the male reproductive system Summarize problems that can occur with the male reproductive system List five things that a male can do to keep his reproductive system healthy

Key Terms Sperm Egg (Ovum) Fertilization Testes Penis Semen

What the system does… The male reproductive system works to produce sperm and deliver it to the female reproductive system.

Sperm Sperm are sex cells that are produced by the male reproductive organs called the testes and that are needed to fertilize an egg.

Eggs (Ova) Eggs, or ova (singular is ovum), are the sex cells that are produced by the female reproductive organs called ovaries.

Fertilization Fertilization is the process by which a sperm and an egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life.

How the male system works Testes (testicles) are the male reproductive organs that make sperm and testosterone. Testosterone: is the major sex hormone of males Scrotum: a skin-covered sac that hangs from the body

Cool Sperm… Sperm needs to be kept at a cooler temperature than body temperature for proper development.

The Penis The penis is the male reproductive organ that removes urine from the body and that can deliver sperm to the female reproductive system.

How the penis works… The penis becomes erect, or firm, due to increased blood flow to the organ. This is a mandatory function in order to achieve ejaculation, or the release of sperm from the penis during arousal.

Semen Semen is a mixture of sperm and other secretions by the male reproductive organs. It leaves the body through the urethra.

Travels of a sperm cell… Testes inside scrotum sac

Travels of a sperm cell… Epididymis for mature sperm storage

Travels of a sperm cell… Vas Deferens to mix with other fluids

Travels of a sperm cell… Prostate gland produces a white, milky fluid to protect the sperm from acids

Travels of a sperm cell… Penis Urethra

Problems of the system ProblemWhat is it?SymptomsTreatment Jock ItchFungal infection caused by exposure to moisture Itchy rash in groin area Keep area cool and dry; use anti-fungal creams. Cystitis (bladder infection) Inflammation of the bladder due to bacterial infection Burning during urination, blood in urine, fever Antibiotics Inguinal hernia Bulging of portion of intestines, groin, or scrotum, through the abdominal wall Sense of heaviness, fullness, or pain Immediate medical care and surgery Undescended testes Failure of one or more testes to move from abdomen to scrotum during development One or no testes in scrotum Surgery or hormone therapy CancerAbnormal division of cells in prostate or testes Difficulty urinating, blood, lump on testes Surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy

Six ways to keep healthy 1.Wear protective gear (a “cup”) when playing contact sports 2.Avoid tight clothing 3.Wash every day and carefully 4.Perform monthly self-exams 5.Have annual checkups with doctor

Female Reproductive System: Objectives State the role of the female reproductive system Describe the function of each of the organs of the female reproduction system Describe the changes in the body during the menstrual cycle Summarize four problems that can occur with the female reproductive system List five things a female can do to keep her system healthy

Key Terms Ovary Vagina Fallopian tube Uterus Menstrual Cycle

What the system does The female reproductive system produces eggs and provides a place of support and nourishment for a developing human.

How the system works Ovaries are the female reproductive organs that produce eggs and the hormones estrogen and progesterone. - All the eggs that a woman will ever have are in her two ovaries when she is born.

Estrogen and Progesterone Estrogen and Progesterone: Cause the reproductive organs to mature Causes the growth of body hair Helps strengthen bones Regulate the monthly release of eggs Prepares the body for pregnancy

Vagina The vagina connects the outside of the body to the uterus and receives sperm during reproduction.

The vagina… Allows menstrual flow to exit body Provides the birth canal for a baby to be born

Fallopian Tubes The fallopian tubes transport an egg from the ovary to the uterus.

Uterus The uterus provides a place to support a developing human. The uterus meets the vagina at it’s lower end, called the cervix.

Female Reproductive System Uterus Fallopian Tube Ovary Cervix Vagina

The Menstrual Cycle The Menstrual Cycle is a monthly series of hormone-controlled changes that prepare the uterine lining for a pregnancy. - The term menstruation means the breakdown and discharge of the uterine lining out of the vagina.

The travels of the egg… Start End

Problems for women Delayed Puberty Menstrual Cramps Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) Endometriosis Cysts Cervical or Ovarian Cancer

Ways to stay healthy 1.Exercise regularly and healthy diet 2.Wash genital area daily 3.Wipe front to back 4.Change pads or tampons every 4-6 hours 5.Avoid tight clothing 6.ANNUAL EXAMS!!! 7.BREAST SELF-EXAMS

Quiz 1.The cells that are produced by the male reproductive system are called __________. 2.The cells that are produced by the female reproductive system are called__________. 3. The term _______________ means the breakdown and discharge of the uterine lining. 4.Name one problem that can occur in the male reproductive system. 5.Name one way that a female can keep a healthy reproductive system.