1. Drawing the Line Learning About Reproductive Anatomy Lesson 2

2. Introduction This lesson reviews reproductive anatomy, which is important for the discussion of STDs, contraception and self-exams. Anatomy refers to body parts. Physiology refers to how the parts function. You will listen and complete worksheets during these lectures on anatomy.

3. Male Reproductive Anatomy Sperm (male reproductive cells) are made in the testicles 1.Sperm (male reproductive cells) are made in the testicles 1. The testicles are located in a sac called the scrotum 2.The testicles are located in a sac called the scrotum 2. –The scrotum works to maintain a constant internal temperature. Sperm mature in the epididymis 3.Sperm mature in the epididymis 3.

4. Male Anatomy cont’d Sperm leave the epididymis through the vas deferens 4.Sperm leave the epididymis through the vas deferens 4. –Connects the epididymis to the urethra. The urethra 8 connects the bladder 10 to the outside.The urethra 8 connects the bladder 10 to the outside. Both semen and urine pass through the urethra.Both semen and urine pass through the urethra.

5. Male Anatomy cont’d Sperm mix with secretions from the seminal vesicles 5, the prostate gland 6 and Cowper’s gland 7. Sperm mix with secretions from the seminal vesicles 5, the prostate gland 6 and Cowper’s gland 7. The seminal vesicles produce semen, a thick whitish fluid that carries sperm. The seminal vesicles produce semen, a thick whitish fluid that carries sperm. The prostate gland is where the vas deferens merges with the urethra. The prostate gland is where the vas deferens merges with the urethra. Has a valve to control the flow of urine. Has a valve to control the flow of urine.

6. Male Anatomy cont’d –The Cowper’s gland secretes a few drops of an alkaline fluid that helps to neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina.

7. Male Anatomy cont’d During arousal, the penis 9 fills with blood, creating an erection.During arousal, the penis 9 fills with blood, creating an erection. –Ejaculation is the process of semen being released from the body. The Cowper’s gland secretes its fluid first, to clear the urethra.The Cowper’s gland secretes its fluid first, to clear the urethra.

8. Female Reproductive Anatomy The female reproductive cell is called the ovum 1 (pl: ova).The female reproductive cell is called the ovum 1 (pl: ova). Ova are produced in the ovaries 2.Ova are produced in the ovaries 2. –Also produce estrogen and progesterone, hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle.

9. Female Anatomy cont’d When an ovum is released, it passes along the fallopian tubes 3 to the uterus 4.When an ovum is released, it passes along the fallopian tubes 3 to the uterus 4. –The uterus is a hollow muscular organ (the womb). –The opening in the uterus is a ring of muscle called the cervix 5. The vagina 6 (birth canal) connects the uterus to the outside of the body.The vagina 6 (birth canal) connects the uterus to the outside of the body.

10. Female Anatomy cont’d The outside genitalia care collectively called the vulva 7.The outside genitalia care collectively called the vulva 7. –The two outer folds are the labia 8 majora. –The two inner folds are the labia 8 minora. Protect and cover the vaginal opening.Protect and cover the vaginal opening.

11. Self-Exams Understanding your body is the key to good health. You can learn about your body by performing self- exams. Self-exams provide a baseline for how your body should look when it is healthy. If you notice a change, including a growth or discharge, it is important to notify your doctor Self-exams do not replace exams by professionals.

12. Types of Self-Exams Genital Self-Exam (GSE) Monthly for everyone Look for swelling, sores, discharge, changes Breast Self-Exam (BSE) for females Perform one week after menstrual cycle Look for lumps, discharge, swelling, changes Testicular Self-Exam (TSE) for males After warm bath/shower Look for a mass or lump

13. Summary During the rest of the lessons you should use correct terms when discussing reproductive anatomy. As teens, you are responsible for your sexual health and should be knowledgeable about your body. If you have any concerns about your body you should talk to a medical professional.