Chapter 5 Notes: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

Sec. 1: Energy and Living things Autotroph vs Heterotroph

Energy Processes What happens in Photosynthesis? What happens in Cellular Respiration?

Build  Photosynthesis Break Down  Cellular Respiration Where does the energy originally come from for this process? Where does it go?

What to recognize glucose  C 6 H 12 O 6 H 2 O + ATP  ADP + P + Energy the  means equals like an equation

Sec 2: Photosynthesis (Process of providing energy to all life) Stage 1: Energy is captured from sunlight Stage 2: Light energy is converted to chemical energy (ATP + NADPH) Stage 3: Energy is used to form organic compounds using CO 2

6CO 2 + 6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 What goes in? 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O What is made? C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 How does energy work with this chemical equation? Energy is put into the system

Stage 1: Absorption of light Pigmentation -Chlorophyll (a and b) –absorbs blue and red wavelengths -Reflects green and yellow -Carotenoids -fruits and veggies –fall leafs

Where does this all take place? -Chloroplasts (specifically the Thylakoids) HOW: *light hits chlorophyll pigment *excites e - (makes it jump) *plants get e - from H 2 O *water is split by enzyme *take e - from hydrogen = H+ *Oxygen atoms combine to make O 2 (gas)

Stage 2: Electron Transport chain -excited e - is passed along thylakoid membrane 1st chain: - e- loses some energy when passed through the 1st protein. (This is a Pump) (what type of transport????) -Pumps  H + into thylakoid

2nd chain -NADPH - is an e - carrier that provides energy to make carbon-hydrogen bonds in stage 3. -NADP + takes a hydrogen that has captured BACK the e -. NADP +  NADPH (battery = energy carrier)

Light INDEPENDENT reactions Stage 3: Carbon dioxide Fixation Calvin Cycle (named for American chemist Melvin Calvin) in CO 2  ATP + Glucose

Section 3: Cellular Respiration What does this process do? In general…

Aerobic vs. Anerobic What do you think these mean?

Aerobic vs. Anerobic (use O 2 ) (Do NOT use O 2 )

6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy(ATP) Stage 1: Glucose  Pyruvate Stage 2: Pyruvate + NADH= large amounts of ATP

Aerobic: Glucose  Pyruvate  mitochondrion (ATP) Stage 1: break down of Glucose (Called Glycolysis  Glyco lysis) glucosebreak some ATP in=NADH + ATP

Stage 2: Krebs Krebs Cycle Pyruvate NADH FADH 2 Mitochondrion ETC happens

Respiration in the absence of O2 Fermentation Lactic Acid  lactate OR Alcoholic  Ethanol

Glucose Pyruvate Lactate Ethanol + CO 2 Glycolysis Krebs ETC Fermentation 2ATP 34ATP 2ATP