European Exploration: Do Now  Why do nations expand?  What impact could exploration and expansion have on economics?  What impact could exploration have on society's values and ideals?

THE AGE OF EXPLORATION Background: ● Crusaders brought goods home that they purchased in Middle Eastern markets. -Spices, silk, foods never seen by Europeans ● Many people in Europe demanded more of those goods.

THE AGE OF EXPLORATION Development of Trade Routes to Middle East ● In response to European demand for goods… ○ Merchants in the northern Italian cities of: Pisa, Venice, Genoa, and Florence established 1st new trade routes to Middle East

THE AGE OF EXPLORATION ● Merchants from these Italian cities amassed great amounts of wealth due to control of trade routes ● Kings and Queens of Europe desired their own trade routes and hired brave men to discover them...hence the Age of Exploration

THE AGE OF EXPLORATION Countries began to explore as a way to increase trade and to spread Christianity There were developments in technology that helped; maps, compass, lateen sail

The 3 G’s  God  Spread of Christianity  Glory  personal fame and power (Remember Renaissance ideals!)  Gold  financial wealth from trade (both merchants and kings/queens)

Major Exploring Countries  Spain  Portugal  England  France  The Netherlands  Italy  mostly trade

Positive Results of Trade People became wealthy due to trade Port cities grew in importance and wealth; the money acquired by trade helped fund the Renaissance Trade with colonies brought raw materials needed for the Industrial Revolution Matteo Ricci and other missionaries spread Christianity

Negative Results of Exploration Smallpox wiped out entire tribes Europeans introduced alcohol to the natives (they have no tolerance for it) Took over lands Changed people’s way of life

Columbian Exchange  Columbian Exchange  Exchange of animals, plants, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds  Europe brought over:  Sugar, rice, bananas, wheat, grapes, olives  Domesticated animals  horses, cattle, sheep, dogs, pigs, chickens, goats  Smallpox, measles, bubonic plague, influenza, typhus, diphtheria, scarlet fever  Europeans brought back:  Corn, tomatoes, pineapples, potatoes, beans, ect.  Turkeys

Columbian Exchange

Note!  Other empires/countries are trading and finding routes at the same time as Europeans  most already have established land routes  China  Africa  Middle East