History Charles Martel (Charlemagne’s grandfather) Needed Army to fight Muslims = Large estates to Nobles willing to fight. Nobles used resources $ from.

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Feudalism and the Manor System

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Presentation transcript:

History Charles Martel (Charlemagne’s grandfather) Needed Army to fight Muslims = Large estates to Nobles willing to fight. Nobles used resources $ from estates to buy horses / weapons Charles Martel didn’t realize this would become a new way of governing (organizing society) and would spread across Europe Charlemagne's empire collapsed: Europe lost its last strong central government Landowning nobles became more powerful (taxes, laws, protect)

Feudalism Medieval Europe / Landowning / Loyalty/ knights In (800s) Shift from Kings to Nobles Landowning Nobles governed and Protect People In Return for Fighting & Farming AD 1000= Europe Divided 1000s of Feudal territories Center = Castle or Fortress / Sole Sufficient Landowning Nobles Gained Power / Collect taxes Enforce Laws / Protect Peasants & Farmers

Role of Vassal & Knights Feudalism based on Loyalty & Duty Vassal=Noble who Served A Lord of Higher Rank In Return Lord Protected Vassal & Gives Fief Fief = Land and Peasants who farm (Business) Given By Lord to Vassal (Vassal Controls Laws) Tie = Vassal (Knight) Swears Oath of Loyalty to Lord In return for Military Service

Manorial System Lord Rules Land / Peasants Work Land Some Peasants are Free Men Rent, Rights, Move Most Peasants = Serfs / Tied to Land And Need Permission From Lord To Marry Lords Try Serfs (Court) / No Sale/ Protect Serf Freedom = Not Easy / Run to Town for 1 Year

Farming Technology (Increased Food Supply) Heavy Wheeled Plow With Iron Blade Horse Collar = Faster than Oxen Plant More Food = Produce More Food Crop Rotation or 3 Field System 2 Field = 50% Planted 50% Fallow 3 Field System = /3 Farmed / 33 +1/3 Water Harnessed Irrigation / Wind Mills grind grains)

Knights = Chivalry (respect), Brave, Obey Lord, Honest, Fight Fair Noblemen to War = Wife & Daughter Run Estate Peasants = Work Year Round, Wood Clay House Plant oats, wheat, beans, barley Break = Over 50 Catholic Holidays = No Work Guilds = Set Standards For Quality of Craft AD1200 How Goods Were To Be Made Who Joins Apprentice / Journeyman Tanners, Carpenters, Bakers,

Cities Dirty / Smelly Homes = Wood Fires Filled Air With Ash Butchers & Tanners Pollute Rivers w/animal waste Wells Used For Drinking Women Ran Households, Meals, Kids, Managed Family $ Women Helped Work Trade/Craft (especially after death )