It’s Vocab Time!

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Assurance (n.) a pledge; freedom from doubt, self- confidence

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Assurance – O.Fr. aseurer "to make sure," from V.L. *assecurar, from L. ad- "to" + securus “safe, secure”

Children should have assurance that their parents will always be there for them. Assurance Mnemonic

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Asylum (n.) an institution for the care of children, elderly people, etc; a place of safety

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Asylum – L. asylum "sanctuary," from Gk. asylon "refuge," neut. of asylos "inviolable," from a- "without" + syle "right of seizure."

Asylum Mnemonic In Beauty and the Beast Gaston threatened to send Belle’s father to an asylum if she refused to marry him.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Console (v.) to comfort (n.) the keyboard of an organ; a control panel for an electrical or mechanical device

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Console – Fr. consoler, from L. consolari "offer solace," from com- intensive prefix + solari “to comfort”

Console Mnemonic She had to console her boyfriend when his PS3 console was broken and Best Buy refused to exchange it for a new one.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Dilate (v.) to make or become larger or wider; to expand upon

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Dilate – O.Fr. dilater, from L. dilatare "make wider, enlarge," from dis- "apart" + latus "wide"

Dilate Mnemonic When an optometrist dilates a patient’s eyes, they have to wear sunglasses to avoid damaging their vision.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Dross (n.) refuse, waste products

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Dross – O.E. dros "dirt, dregs," from P.Gmc. *drohs- (cf. Ger. Drusen "dregs, husks"). Originally "the scum thrown off from metals in smelting." Related to O.E. dreosan "to drip."

Dross Mnemonic After the wedding, the bridesmaid threw the ugly dress into the dross where it belonged.

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Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Dwindle (v.) to lessen, diminish

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Dwindle – M.E. dwinen "waste away, fade, vanish," from O.E. dwinan, from P.Gmc. *dwinanan (cf. Du. dwijnen "to vanish").

Dwindle Mnemonic People who suffer from anorexia nervosa dwindle in size and their health becomes at risk.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Flippant (adj.) lacking in seriousness; disrespectful, saucy

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Flippant – unknown origin probably imitative, an extended form of flip to toss or throw away as meaningless or unimportant

Flippant Mnemonic It is important to remember to include some flippant activities in your life and not to only focus on serious things.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Immunity (n.) resistance to disease, freedom from some charge or obligation

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Immunity – L. immunitatem (nom. immunitas) "exemption from performing public service or charge," from immunis "exempt, free," from in- "not" + munis "performing services."

Immunity Mnemonic On the show Survivor, it is important to win immunity so that you are not voted off during tribal council.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Institute (v.) to establish, set up (n.) an organization for the promotion of learning

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Institute – L. institutus, pp. of instituere "to set up," from in- "in" + statuere "establish, to cause to stand"

Institute Mnemonic At the East Valley Institute of Technology (EVIT) a student can take classes such as automotive technology, cosmetology, and culinary arts.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Liability (n.) a debt; something disadvantageous

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Liability – Anglo- Fr. *liable, from O.Fr. lier "to bind," from L. ligare "to bind, to tie."

Liability Mnemonic Liability insurance is wise to have because teenage drivers are considered the deadliest thing on the roads.

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Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Preposterous (adj.) ridiculous, senseless

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Preposterous – L. præposterus "absurd, contrary to nature," lit. "before-behind" (cf. topsy-turvy, cart before the horse), from præ "before" + posterus "subsequent."

Preposterous Mnemonic The idea that the planet Earth was round used to be considered preposterous because people believed that it was flat.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Pugnacious (adj.) quarrelsome, fond of fighting

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Pugnacious – L. pugnacis, gen. of pugnax "combative," from pugnare "to fight," from pugnus "fist," from PIE base *peug- "to stick, stab" (cf. Gk. pyx "with clenched fist," pygme "fist, boxing," pyktes "boxer;" L. pungere "to pierce, prick").

Pugnacious Mnemonic Scut Farkus is the most pugnacious bully in the movie A Christmas Story.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Rabid (adj.) furious, violently intense, unreasonably extreme; mad; infected with rabies

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Rabid – L. rabidus, from rabere "be mad, rave"

Rabid Mnemonic Cujo is a book about a dog that becomes rabid after it is bitten and infected with rabies.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Realm (n.) a kingdom; a region or field of study

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Realm – O.Fr. reaume, probably from roiaume "kingdom," altered (by influence of L. regalis "regal") from Gallo- Romance *regiminem, accusative form of L. regimen "system of government, rule"

Realm Mnemonic The lion is king of the realm of the jungle.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Rejuvenate (v.) to make young again; to make like new

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Rejuvenate – re- "again" + L. juvenis "young"

Rejuvenate Mnemonic A relaxing spa treatment can rejuvenate a person’s spirit and is an excellent gift to give to teachers who could use a vacation over the holidays.

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Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Remunerate (v.) to reward, pay, reimburse

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Remunerate – Latin remuneratus, past participle of remunerare to recompense, from re- + munerare to give, from muner-, munus gift

Remunerate Mnemonic The Arizona lottery promises to remunerate a person if they have a winning lottery ticket.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Sparse (adj.) meager, scant; scattered

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Sparse – L. sparsus "scattered," pp. of spargere "to scatter, spread," from PIE base *(s)pregh- "to jerk, scatter" (cf. Skt. parjanya- "rain, rain god," Avestan fra-sparega "branch, twig," lit. "that which is jerked off a tree," O.N. freknur "freckles," Swed. dial. sprygg "brisk, active," Lith. sprogti "shoot, bud," O.Ir. arg "a drop").

Sparse Mnemonic Some cats are born with a sparse amount of hair.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Sterling (adj.) genuine, excellent; made of silver of standard fineness

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Sterling – probably from M.E. sterre ("star") from the stars that appeared in the design of certain Norman coins, + dim. suffix -ling. The other theory is that it derives from O.Fr. estedre "stater" from Gk. stater, from histanai "to fix, weigh," lit. "to cause to stand"

Sterling Mnemonic Students with sterling grades can earn academic scholarships to help pay for college tuition.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Venture (n.) a risky or daring undertaking (v.) to expose to danger; to dare

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Venture – O.Fr. auenture, from L. aventura (res) "(a thing) about to happen," from future participle of advenire "to come about," from ad- "to" + venire "to come. Original meaning was "to arrive," in Latin, but in M.E. it took a turn through "risk/danger" (a trial of one's chances), and "perilous undertaking" (c.1314), and thence to "a novel or exciting incident"

Venture Mnemonic The Chevy “Venture” is an interesting choice for a mode of transportation to risky and daring activities.

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Warp (v.) to twist out of shape (n.) an abnormality

Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 8 Warp – O.E. weorpan "to throw, throw away, hit with a missile," from P.Gmc. *werpanan "to fling by turning the arm", from PIE *werb- "to turn, bend"

Warp Mnemonic Some people think that it is funny to warp images on their computers.

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