Warm Up # 35 1. What does this cartoon say about the first Four children seated in the front? 2. What does this cartoon say about the Black, Indian, and Chinese children?

Reasons We went to War with Spain 1. The Maine 2. Imperialist Tendencies 3. War crimes committed by Spain 4. Fear another country may get Cuba 5. Reunion of the North and South 6. Cuba Libre 7. Cuban Americans in Florida 8. Secure the Sugar Plantations owned by Americans in Cuba

CUBA LIBRE!!!!

The New Navy Alfred Mahan argued that overseas markets were essential for industrial surpluses Large merchant marine, strong navy needed

The New Navy 1889: Secretary of Navy Benjamin Tracy supervised a program of naval construction U.S. gained offensive capability at sea

War with Spain The war increased overseas possessions It also gained U.S. recognition as a “world power” Americans became convinced they had a special destiny

A War for Principle February, 1895: Rebellion in Cuba “Yellow press” whipped up U.S. sentiment to favor Cuban independence McKinley gained Spanish concessions February, 1898: Explosion of the Maine April 19: Congress declared Cuba independent, passed “Teller Amendment” April 25: U.S. declared war on Spain

Yellow Journalism

Yellow Journalism Today

“A Splendid Little War” U.S. regular army small, ill-prepared Problems of equipment and supply Regulars possessed latest Krag-Jorgensen rifles Guard units possessed old Springfield rifles Most soldiers fight in National Guard units

Rough Riders

“Smoked Yankees” African Americans served in army Guard units Black troops resisted segregation African American soldiers won 26 Certificates of Merit, 5 Congressional Medals of Honor

The Course of the War May 1: Commodore George Dewey captured Manila Bay June: Cuba invaded July: Santiago surrendered, Puerto Rico occupied August 13: Philippines surrendered

Spanish-American War: Pacific Theater

Spanish-American War: Caribbean Theater In the initial engagement, the Americans sunk most of the Spanish Ships…. -No American Ships were lost -The Americans only connected on 3% of the shells that they fired but still sunk almost every Spanish Ship Targeted. -Now That’s Naval Superiority!

Acquisition of Empire Fate of the Philippines was the thorniest issue at the peace negotiations December, 1898: Treaty of Paris Cuba independent U.S. acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines

The Treaty of Paris Debate Debate over annexation of the Philippines Opponents formed the Anti-Imperialist League Against big armies, government, and debt Republican ideals incompatible with imperialism February, 1899: Ratification of peace treaty made U.S. a colonizing nation

American Empire, 1900

Guerrilla Warfare in the Philippines 1898–1901: Emilio Aguinaldo led Philippine independence movement Filipinos used guerilla war tactics, U.S. adopted tactics Spanish used in Cuba 1901: U.S. replaced military with civil rule Local self-government permitted Schedule established for independence July 4, 1946: Philippine independence

Damn, Damn, Damn, the Filipinos Damn, Damn, Damn the Filipinos ln that land of dopy dreams, happy peaceful Philippines, Where the bolo-man is hiking night and day; Where Tagalos steal and lie, where Americanos die, There you hear the soldiers sing this evening lay: chorus: Damn, damn, damn the Filipinos, cross-eyed kakiack ladrones, Underneath our starry flag, civilize 'em with a Krag, And return us to our own beloved homes.

World Colonial Empires, 1900

EXAMPLE 1: Judge, 1899

EXAMPLE 2: Life, 1899

SET A : Cartoon 1 Judge, 1899

SET A : Cartoon 2 Life, 1900

SET B : Cartoon 1 Judge, 1899

SET B : Cartoon 2 Life, 1900

SET C : Cartoon 1 Puck, 1901

SET C : Cartoon 2 Life, 1898

SET D : Cartoon 2 Life, 1899

SET E :Cartoon 1 Judge, 1899

SET E : Cartoon 2 The World, 1898

SET F : Cartoon 1 Judge, 1900

SET F : Cartoon 2 Life, 1899