Charles’ Law Effect of Temperature on Volume Low TemperatureHigh Temperature

Charles’ Law  Jacques Charles studied the direct mathematical relationship between ___________ and ___________ of a gas. As temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases.  Jacques Charles studied the direct mathematical relationship between ___________ and ___________ of a gas. As temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases.

 Charles measured the volume of air at different temperatures, and recorded the results. During his experiments _________ of the system and _______________ were held constant.

______ How does Temperature and Volume of gases relate graphically? _______ V/T = k

Which picture represents what the gas will look like when the temperature is increased? (Assume constant n, P)

As T increases, V Increases 5.3 V   T V = kT V/T = k V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2 Constant pressure Constant amount of gas

Movie Time! Gases and Charles' Law Video

Charles’ Formula: V= Volume T= Temperature V= Volume T= Temperature In a given system: V1V1 V1V1 T1T1 T1T1 V2V2 V2V2 T2T2 T2T2 = = How does this differ from Boyle’s Formula? V= Volume P= Pressure V= Volume P= Pressure P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2

A balloon is filled with 3.0 L of helium at 310 K. The balloon is placed in an oven where the temperature reaches 340 K. What is the new volume of the balloon? 2) Formula  T 1 = ___K  V 1 = ___ L  T 1 = ___K  V 1 = ___ L  T 2 = ___K  V 2 = ?  T 2 = ___K  V 2 = ? 1) Given V1V1 V1V1 T1T1 T1T1 V2V2 V2V2 T2T2 T2T2 = = 3) Substitution 3 L 310K V2V2 V2V2 340K = =

2) Formula  T 1 = ___K  V 1 = ___ L  T 1 = ___K  V 1 = ___ L  T 2 = ? K  V 2 = ___ L  T 2 = ? K  V 2 = ___ L 1) Given V1V1 V1V1 T1T1 T1T1 V2V2 V2V2 T2T2 T2T2 = = 3) Substitution

Practice! Answer Charles’ Law Practice Problems #’s 1, 2, 3, and 5.

Gay-Lussac’s Law  Old man Lussac studied the direct relationship between _____________ and ______________ of a gas. As the temperature increases the pressure a gas exerts on its container increases.  During his experiments volume of the system and amount of gas were held constant.  Old man Lussac studied the direct relationship between _____________ and ______________ of a gas. As the temperature increases the pressure a gas exerts on its container increases.  During his experiments volume of the system and amount of gas were held constant.

Gay-Lussac’s Law As the Kelvin temperature of the gas increases, the pressure of the gas increases and vise versa. P T (K) -273 o C What temperature is this? P = k T P1P1 P2P2 T2T2 T1T1

The relationship among pressure and temperature, at constant volume, can be mathematically represented by an equation known as Gay-Lussac’ law. P 1 = P 2 T 1 T 2 where: P 1 is the initial pressure and P 2 is the new pressure. T 1 is the initial temperature and T 2 is the new temperature. V 1 and V 2 are the same (constant volume.) Gay-Lussac’s Law

2) Formula  T 1 = ___K  P 1 = ___ atm  T 1 = ___K  P 1 = ___ atm  T 2 = ___K  P 2 = ?  T 2 = ___K  P 2 = ? 1) Given P1P1 P1P1 T1T1 T1T1 P2P2 P2P2 T2T2 T2T2 = = 3) Substitution P2P2 P2P2 398 = =

Practice! Answer Lussac’s Law Practice Problems #’s 1, 2, and 5.

LAWRELATIONSHIPCON-STANTS Boyle’s P VP VP VP V T, n Charles’ V TV TV TV T P, n Gay-Lussac’s P TP TP TP T V, n Summary of our Gas Laws!

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