1 Chemistry Bell Ringer 6: Practice calculating density, mass and volume. ( show your work!) 1. What is the density of an object whose mass equals 45 g and whose volume equals 50 cm 3 ? 2. Calculate the mass of 65.0 cm 3 of mercury using the density just calculated for mercury. 3. A student needs 15 g of ethyl alcohol for an experiment. If the density equals g/mL, how many mL of alcohol are needed? 4. Magnesium has a density of g/cm 3. What is the volume of kg of this metal? 5. What is the density of a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.17 g and a volume of 1.91 cm 3 ? What is the density in grams per milliliter? 6. Calculate the mass of a liquid with a density of 3.2 g/mL and a volume of 25 mL. 7. Calculate the density of a 500 g rectangular block with the following dimensions: length=8cm, width=6 cm, height=5 cm.

2 What is Matter?  Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.  Mass is the amount of matter in an object.  Mass is resistance to change in motion along a smooth and level surface.  Examples

3 Now Review and Add notes time!!!!!!!

4 Properties  Words that describe matter (adjectives)  Physical Properties- a property that can be observed and measured without changing the substance.  Chemical Properties- a property that can only be observed by changing the type of substance.

5 Properties  Words that describe matter (adjectives)  Extensive Properties- only depends on the amount of matter »Mass - A measurement of the amount of matter in a object (grams). »Weight - A measurement of the gravitational force of attraction of the earth acting on an object. »Volume - A measurement of the amount of space a substance occupies. »Length  Intensive Properties- only depends on the type of matter, not the amount  Used to identify a substance »Color »Odor »Luster - How shiny a substance is. »Malleability - The ability of a substance to be beaten into thin sheets. »Ductility - The ability of a substance to be drawn into thin wires. »Conductivity - The ability of a substance to allow the flow of energy or electricity. »Hardness - How easily a substance can be scratched. »Melting/Freezing Point - The temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium at atmospheric pressure. »Boiling Point - The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid (generally atmospheric pressure). »Density - The mass of a substance divided by its volume

Chemistry Agenda 1. Retest 2. Complete Density Problems…ask teacher to check over answers BEFORE you submit them…6 problems 3. Next…notes over matter continued… 4. Changes of Matter worksheet –Identify if a change is either physical or chemical

Chemistry. TextbookCalcium Cell phoneorange juice 20 oz. of Colaa shoe Water vaporsalt Oxygendetergent Liquid Mercurybaking soda Cakenitrogen

8 States of matter  Solid- mater that can not flow and has definite volume.  Liquid- definite volume but takes the shape of its container (flows).  Gas- a substance without definite volume or shape and can flow.  Vapor- a substance that is currently a gas but normally is a liquid or solid at room temperature.

9 States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Definite Volume? YES NO Definite Shape? YES NO Temp. increase Small Expans. Large Expans. Com- pressible? NO YES

10 Solid Liquid Gas Melt Evaporate Condense Freeze

11 States of Matter  There are more  Plasma –high temperature low pressure –electrons separate from nucleus –Most common in the universe  More at very low temp –Bose- Einstein condensate –Quantum superfluids

12 Changes of Matter Two types of changes: Physical and Chemical  Physical Change: does not produce a new substance – molecules are the same; A change that changes appearances, without changing the composition Examples: undergoes a phase change ( condensate, sublimates, evaporates, freezes, or melts), changes size or shape, no chemical reaction occurs  Chemical Change: produces a new substance – molecules change; a change where a new form of matter is formed. Also called a chemical reaction. Examples: a color change, a precipitate forms, combustion, cellular respiration, digestion, photosynthesis, heat or light is given off or formed, it bubbles, any change that is irreversible without chemical means.

13 Bell Work Chemistry 1. Copy the terms then state if each of the following is a physical or a chemical property of matter. ( if it is physical, then state if it is extensive or intensive). a. Luster b. Odor c. Mass d. Bubbling e. Texture f. Length g. Decomposition h. combustion 2. State whether a chemical or a physical change has occurred. a. Condensation forming b. Hydrogen and oxygen gas combing to form water c. Chocolate melting d. Making table salt ( sodium metal with chlorine gas)

14 Chemistry Agenda – Do your bell work ( 8 questions) 2. Take notes ( Matter continued) 3. Practice Identifying Types of Matter ( worksheet- independent practice- due today)

15 Classification of Matter Matter is classified as either a Pure Substance or as a Mixture. Pure substances are identified as either elements or compounds. Mixtures are identified by type: Heterogeneous or Homogeneous

16 Mixtures  Made up of two substances.  Variable composition.  Heterogeneous- mixture is not the same from place to place. ExChocolate chip cookie, gravel, soil.  Homogeneous- same composition throughout. Ex. Kool-aid, air.  Every part keeps its properties.

17 Separating mixtures  Only a physical change- no new matter  Filtration- separate solids from liquids with a barrier  Distillation- separate because of different boiling points –Heat mixture –Catch vapor in cooled area  Chromatography- different substances are attracted to paper or gel, so move at different speeds Chromatography-

18 Solutions  Homogeneous mixture  Mixed molecule by molecule  Can occur between any state of matter.  Solid in liquid- Kool-aid  Liquid in liquid- antifreeze  Gas in gas- air  Solid in solid - brass  Liquid in gas- water vapor

19 Solutions  Like all mixtures, they keep the properties of the components.  Can be separated by physical means  Not easily separated- can be separated without creating anything new.

20 Substances  Elements- simplest kind of matter  Cannot be broken down into simpler  All one kind of atom.  Compounds are substances that can be broken down by chemical methods  When they are broken down, the pieces have completely different properties than the compound. Salt Salt  Made of molecules- two or more atoms stuck together

21 Compound or Mixture CompoundMixture One kind of piece- Molecules More than one kind - Molecule or atoms Making is a chemical change Making is a physical change Only one kindVariable composition

22 Bell Ringer #9 Chemistry Copy and the classify the following as either a pure substance ( element or compound) OR as a mixture ( homogenous or heterogeneous) 1. Sodium hydroxide 2. Mixed vegetables 3. Fluorine 4. Toothpaste 5. Calcium chloride 6. Pure water 7. air

23 Chemistry Add these to your last page on the back!! 1) A block of aluminum occupies a volume of 15.0 mL and weighs 40.5 g. What is its density? 2) Mercury metal is poured into a graduated cylinder that holds exactly 22.5 mL. The mercury used to fill the cylinder weighs g. From this information, calculate the density of mercury. 3) What is the weight of the ethyl alcohol that exactly fills a mL container? The density of ethyl alcohol is g/mL.