IAFNR Plant and Soil Sciences Module Plant Propagation IAFNR Plant and Soil Sciences Module

Which of the two (pistil or stamen) is the female part of the flower? Plant reproduction Sexual Reproduction in Plants Requires that Flowers form (complete flowers) Pollination and Fertilization occurs Seeds develop Seeds grow into new plants Flower Induction Flower functions to attract pollinators Produces gametes (sex cells) Sepals and petals appear large and colorful Which of the two (pistil or stamen) is the female part of the flower? Image retrieved from: http://www.sciencepartners.info/?page_id=862

Pollination & Fertilization Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma Many agents for transporting pollen Wind Insects Birds Bats Self Pollination- when the pollen is transferred to the stigma of the same flower Can be natural or accompanied by humans After pollination a cell from the pollen grain travels through the style to the ovary Fertilization- the union of the gametes from the pollen and the ovary of the plant After fertilization, the fruit and seeds are created and begin developing

Image retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollen_tube

Asexual Reproduction Ensures that the new plants will be identical to their parents Also used to dwarf plant or to maintain desirable traits 8 Common types of asexual reproduction Cuttings Grafting Budding Layering Separating Image retrieved from: http://www.saburchill.com/ans02/chapters/chap052.html

Cutting Most common method of asexual reproduction Portion of a plant is removed and made to form roots Stem Cuttings Tip Cuttings Medial Cuttings Single or Double Eye Heel Cutting Leaf Cutting Root Cutting Image retrieved from: http://ahualoa.net/tea/cuttings.html

Grafting Join plant parts so they will grow as one plant Four conditions must be met for successful grafting Scion and rootstock must be compatible Each must be at the proper physiological stage Cambial layers of the scion and stock must meet Graft union must be kept moist until the wound has healed. Image retrieved from: http://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/lime/lime-tree-grafting-budding-lime-trees-to-propagate.htm

Budding Union of bud and a small piece of bark from the scion with a rootstock Faster, forms a stinger union than grafting Kinds of budding Patch budding Chip budding T-Budding Image retrieved from: http://www.agribusiness.ac.nz/index.php?ccId=8&cid=1&pageLoad=14

Layering Stems attached to their parent plant form roots where they touch the soil This rooted stem becomes a new plant Method has high success rate Prevents water stress and carbohydrate shortage Types of Layering Tip layering Simple Layering Compound Layering Mound Layering Air Layering Image retrieved from: http://www.pinterest.com/pin/308285536962327262/?z=1

Separating and Division Separation Division Propagation form when plants that produce bulbs Bulbs New bulbs form beside the originally planted bulb Separate bulb clumps every 3-5 years Generally pulled apart and replanted immediately Dig after leaves have withered Plants with more than one rooted crown can be divided and planted separately Potatoes are propagated by division Image retrieved from: http://thesharinggardens.blogspot.com/2012/02/can-i-speed-up-potato-sprouting.html

References Parker, R. (2010). Plant and Soil Science: Fundamentals and Applications. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar.