REST OF THE COMPUTER BEFORE THE INTERNET

Understand Your Computer  Bit  Binary digit  0 or 1  Byte  8 bits  Unique combinations of 8 bits of 0s and 1s

Bits and Bytes KB – 1 page of plain text MB – 4 books GB 4,200 books TB – 4.6 million books

Hardware/Software  Hardware is any part of the computer you can touch  Software  Application Software  Operating System Windows 8: MICROSOFT OS X: APPLE iOS7: APPLE (IPHONES TABLETS) Android: GOOGLE Linux: Open Source

Files

Types of Computer  Tablet, Laptop, Netbooks, Ultrabooks, PC, Desktop, All in one computer, Smartphone  Mainframe – large, expensive computer that supports many users simultaneously.  Supercomputer is a specially designed computer that performs complex calculations.

Input Devices /Output Devices  Enter data and instructions  Keyboards, mouse, scanner, digital camera, microphone, game controllers  Send data out of the computer  Text, pictures, sound, video, monitors, printers, speakers, earphones.

Memory on the Motherbood  Motherboard (sound card & video card & NIC (network interface card)  CPU (Central Processing unit) or processor  “Brains” of the computer  Controls all the function of the computer’s components  Processes all commands and instructions  Billions of tasks per second

CPU Performance  CPU Processor speed measured in hertz (HZ) or gigahertz (GHZ) – Hertz is a measurement of machine cycles per second.  3.8 GHz processor performs work at a rate of 3.8 billion machine cycles per second.

Memory  RAM Random Access Memory  Stores instructions and data  Memory cards or modules  Temporary (volatile storage) – is erased when turned off  ROM Read Only Memory  Stores startup instructions  Permanent (nonvolatile) storage – isn’t erased when power turned off

Other Storage  External hard drive – outside connected with USB  Solid State Drive (SSD)  No moving parts, more efficient, little heat, no noise, requires little power, less likely to fail.  Add more storage in the computer called drive bays.  CD/DVD /BDs  Flash Drives (wireless)  Cloud Storage (see next)

Drop Box (Cloud Storage) & More

Ports  Port is a place through which a peripheral device attaches to the computer so that data can be exchanged between it and the operating system.  USB (universal serial bus) 3.0 – higher transfer speeds  Ethernet port to connect your computer to a cable modem or a network  Audio ports  Video Ports  Video Graphics (VGA) and Digital Video Interface (DVI) port are two ports

LCD Screen  LCD: Made up of pixels, 2 or more sheets of material, liquid crystal solution, crystals block or let light through  Aspect Ratio  Resolution  Contrast Ratio  Viewing Angle  Brightness  Response Time

Look For  Aspect Ratio = 4:3 or 16:9 (HDTV)  Screen Resolution = Highest resolution monitor is capable of displaying that large of image (make sure you are comfortable viewing that size)  Contrast Ration = 400:1 and 1,000:1  Viewing angle = 150 degrees or more  Brightness = 300 cd/m2 or great  Response time = Seek lowest possible response time

Monitors  27 – Inch Monitor  2560 X 1440 pixels  21.5 – Inch Monitor  1680X1050 pixels  Blu-ray movies  Require at least 1920X1080 pixels

Future Monitors

Printers  Ink Jet –  Affordable, High Quality Color, Quick and Quiet  Laser  Faster printing speed, Higher Quality, More Expensive Nonimpact printers sprays ink or uses laser beams to transfer marks onto the paper 1200 dpi – general purpose 4800 dpi – photos

Wireless Printers  Wireless Printers  No Wires  Print to same printer from different places  Wifi or BlueTooth (Range 300 feet – Wifi faster)  Print from portable devices (I phone has AirPrint)

3D Printers  Is any various process for making a three dimensional object of almost any shape. Organs Guns Food Instruments Limbs

Selecting a Printer  Primary Printing Need First  Speed (pages per minute)  Resolution (dots per inch)  Color output – printers with separate cartridges for each color produce the best quality  Cost of consumables – how printer cartridges and paper

In Class Assignment  Buying a Computer