J OURNAL #21 Which of the trends below describe atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity? A B C Increases.

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Presentation transcript:

J OURNAL #21 Which of the trends below describe atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity? A B C Increases

A. Ionization energy, Electron Affinity, Electronegativity B. Atomic radius

T ODAY WE WILL DRAW L EWIS D OT STRUCTURES

V ALENCE E LECTRONS Valence electrons are an atom’s outermost electrons. The number of valence electrons an atom has corresponds to the group (vertical column) the atom lies in on the Periodic Table of the Elements. The valence electrons are largely responsible for the atom’s chemical behavior

W RITE THE NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS FOR THE FOLLOWING ELEMENTS : 1. Sodium 2. Fluorine 3. Neon 4. Hydrogen 5. Potassium 6. Lithium

L EWIS D OT S TRUCTURES Lewis Dot structures show valence electrons which are represented as dots placed around the element symbol Unpaired valence electrons represent electrons available for bonding or for linking with other elements Elements with the same number of valence electrons have the same Lewis dot structures. Ex: O, Be, Mg,

I T IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW HOW TO DRAW L EWIS DOT STRUCTURES BECAUSE : Lewis dot structures help scientists to see which valence electrons are responsible for the chemical behavior of an atom They show the electrons that are available for bonding by quickly seeing the unpaired valence electrons Lewis dot structures are used by scientists to make new compounds (plastics, metals, packaging materials, etc.

Which of the following elements has the same Lewis dot structure as silicon? A. Germanium (Ge) B. Aluminum (Al) C. Arsenic (As) D. Gallium (Ga)

D RAWING L EWIS D OT S TRUCTURES 1. Find the number of valence electrons. 2. Write down the symbol of the element. 3. Draw the Lewis dot diagram. 1. Place all the electrons clockwise around the element symbol 2. No side receives 2 dots until each side receives one. Exception: Helium 4. Write down the number of unpaired valence electrons or electrons available for bonding.

Element Number of Valence Electrons Lewis Dot Structure # of Unpaired valence electrons Lithium Potassium Boron Carbon

Which pairs of elements have the same Lewis dot structure? Why is this so? Where did I find the symbol for the element? How did I know where to get the number of valence electrons? What do the dots represent in the Lewis Dot structure?

Element Number of Valence Electrons Lewis Dot Structure # of Unpaired valence electrons Arsenic Iodine Beryllium Flourine