Chapter 12: New Deal Era

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)- the act that requires companies that sell stocks and bonds to provide complete and truthful information to investors

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)- the agency setup to provide government insurance for bank deposits up to $250,000

Gold Standard- When paper money is backed by Gold. Roosevelt would abandon this and reduce the value of the dollar in order to fight the Depression.

Glass-Steagall Act: act separated commercial banking from investment banking. Commercial banks could no longer handle everyday transactions and risk depositors money in the stock market (repelled in 1999).

Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC)- program helped homeowners who were behind on their payments by buying their mortgages and restructuring them with longer terms of repayment and lower interest rates

Farm Credit Administration (FCA)-the program that was organized to help farmers refinance their mortgages

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)- the program that would pay some farmers not to raise certain livestock, and not to grow certain crops

Bank Holidays- closing banks that had not collapsed before bank runs could put them out of business.

National Recovery Act (NRA)- the program that came up with rules known as codes of fair competition; some codes set prices, established minimum wages, and limited factories to two shifts per day

Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)- the program that offered unemployed young men years old the opportunity to work under the direction of the forestry service planting trees, fighting forest fires, and building reservoirs

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)- agency that channeled money to state and local agencies to fund their relief projects

The Wagner Act - piece of legislation guaranteed workers the right to organize unions and to bargain collectively

Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)- Union membership tripled from roughly 3 million in 1933 to 9 million members in 1939; many of the new unions joined this federation

Deficit Spending- When the government has to borrow money to pay for programs m/user/epipheo#p/u/ 11/82uXr4znILw

Works Progress Administration (WPA) - largest public works project of the New Deal. It spent $11 billion with 8.5 million workers constructing 650,000 miles of highways, roads, and streets, 125,000 public buildings, more than 8,000 parks, build or improved 124,000 bridges, and 853 airports.

Social Security Act- One of America’s most important pieces of legislation was passed; its major goal was to provide some security for older Americans and unemployed workers. It gives a monthly retirement benefit, which people could collect when they stopped working at age 65