Cellular Respiration Glycolysis: Energy released from splitting Glucose

Oxidation and Reduction Reactions Oxidation reactions cause molecules to lose electrons Reduction reactions cause molecules to gain electrons Low Energy Molecule (oxidized) Energy added through addition of High Energy Molecule (reduced) NAD2 H+ and 2 e-NADH FAD2H+ and 2 e-FADH2

Cellular Respiration The controlled release of energy from glucose to form ATP molecules for cellular activities Aerobic Respiration ~ occurs in the presence of oxygen ~ produces many ATP molecules Anaerobic Respiration ~ occurs in the absence of oxygen ~ produces fewer ATP molecules Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration begin with glycolysis

Glycolysis Glyco – refers to glucose Lysis – means “to break apart” (remember hydrolysis?) Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to release energy and form ATP Glycolysis is the first step for either aerobic or anaerobic respiration

Glycolysis: How is energy gained 2 Pyruvic Acid Molecules GLUCOSE 2 NADH How many ATP molecules are needed? How many ATP molecules are gained? What is the net change in ATP? What is the net change in NADH?