Atoms, Bonding and the Periodic Table p. 13

Valence Electrons Have the highest amount of energy and are held most loosely.

The # of valence electrons in an atom of an element determines many properties of that element, including the ways the atom can bond with other atoms.

Electron Dot Diagram Includes symbol and one dot representing each valence electron H

Carbon C

Oxygen O

8 valence electrons = full Stable / less likely to react (do not easily form compounds)

Chemicals bonds Chemical bonds form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another Or when electrons are shared between atoms>> >> a new substance forms Chemical bonds form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another Or when electrons are shared between atoms>> >> a new substance forms

The periodic table gives you information about the arrangement of electrons in atoms. *The elements within a group have similar properties because they all have the same # of valence electrons in their atoms.

Noble Gases-Group 18 All have 8 valence electrons (with the exception of helium, which has two). They are stable. They do not easily react with other elements.

Summary A chemical bond is a force of attraction between two atoms due to the rearrangement of electrons. Elements in a family or group have similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.