Lateral Pterygoid You need to dissect the mandible in order to see this Works with medial pterygoid to lower the mandible and open the jaw This is a deep muscle

Rectus Abdominis Flexes lumbar portion of vertebral column

External Obliques Individual: lateral flexion and rotation of vertebral column Together: Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall

Internal Obliques Individual: lateral flexion of vertebral column and rotation of vertebral column to opposite side Together: Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall

Transversus Abdominus Individually: lateral flexion of vertebral column Together: Flexes and compresses vertebral column

Medial Pterygoid Origin: Lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid Insertion: Ramus of the mandible Action: Close jaw; lateral excursion

Gluteus Medius Origin: Upper lateral portion of ilium Insertion: Lateral part of the greater trochanter Action: Abducts and medially rotates the hips

Sartorius Origin: Anterior, superior spine of the ilium Insertion: medial surface of the tibia Action: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the hip; flexes the knee.

Adductors Longus Origin: Pubis Insertion: Linea aspera of femur Action: Adducts hip; flexes knee

Adductor Magnus Origin: Pubis Insertion: Linea aspera of femur Action: Adducts hip; flexes knee

Sternocleidomastoid: if tone side contracts it rotates and tilts the head sideways; if both side contract it draws the head forward and down; flexes neck

Gracilis: adducts hip; flexes knee

Rectus Femoris: flexes hip (femur); extends knee

Vastus medialis: extends knee

Vastus lateralis: extends knee

Masseter: closes jaw (elevates and retracts mandible)

Digastricus: opens the mouth (lowers mandible), elevates and holds hyoid during speech and swallowing

Gluteus maximus: extension and lateral rotation of hip (femur)

Semimembranosus: extends hip (femur); flexes knee

Semitendinosus: extends hip (femur); flexes knee

Temporalis Closes the jaw. Elevates the mandible.

Biceps Femoris Anterior View Posterior View The muscles has two different origins and one insertion resulting in a branched muscle. The long head of the muscle originates from the ischial tuberosity and functions to extend and laterally rotate the hip. The short head of the muscle originates on the linea aspera of the femur. Both the long and short head insert on the head of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia. Both the long and short heads function to flex the knee. Anterior View Posterior View

Tibialis Anterior Dorsiflexion and inversion of the ankle.

Gastrocnemius Plantarflexion of the ankle Flexes the knee

Soleus Plantarflexion of the ankle. Steadies the leg when standing.